{"id":1845,"date":"2019-05-22T02:48:24","date_gmt":"2019-05-22T02:48:24","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/single-post-application-of-woodworking-tungsten-carbide-cutting-tools\/"},"modified":"2020-05-04T13:12:02","modified_gmt":"2020-05-04T13:12:02","slug":"application-of-woodworking-tungsten-carbide-cutting-tools","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/vi\/ung-dung-cua-che-bien-go-vonfram-cacbua-cong-cu-cat\/","title":{"rendered":"\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 c\u1eaft cacbua vonfram ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn g\u1ed7"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Gia c\u00f4ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng quy tr\u00ecnh c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n nh\u1ea5t, r\u1ed9ng nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t trong ng\u00e0nh g\u1ed7, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, chi ph\u00ed x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u00e0 ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p g\u1ed7, c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u composite g\u1ed7 kh\u00e1c nhau, g\u1ed7 d\u00e1n, g\u1ed7, tre glulam, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 g\u1ed7 d\u00e1n gi\u1ea5y t\u1ea9m melamine, g\u1ed7 d\u00e1n PVC, v\u00e1n \u00e9p gia c\u1ed1 Al 2 O 3 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3 n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t, s\u00e0n, t\u1ea5m l\u1ee3p v\u00e0 c\u00e1c mi\u1ebfng g\u1ed7 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt. Nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 c\u1eaft, thao t\u00e1c c\u1eaft \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Ngo\u00e0i ra, v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 g\u1ed7, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e1n nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3 n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t, ... \u0111ang \u0111i theo h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a cao, \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng, th\u1ee9c \u0103n nhanh v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t cao. C\u1ea3 hai ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u00e3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 c\u1eaft v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. Cho d\u00f9 m\u00e1y c\u1eaft c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u1eaft b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1eaft l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t hay x\u1ea5u v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u1edbi v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1eaft. C\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1eadt l\u00fd kh\u00e1c nhau trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u1eaft, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 hao m\u00f2n c\u1ee7a d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 v\u00e0 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5, c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn. V\u1edbi c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 m\u00e1y m\u00f3c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p, n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1eaft m\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n. Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn g\u1ed7 l\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1eafc n\u00e9t c\u1ee7a d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 c\u1eaft trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng cao. V\u00ec l\u00fd do n\u00e0y, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn g\u1ed7 ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft, \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo dai v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 tay ngh\u1ec1 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh (nh\u01b0 h\u00e0n, x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t, c\u1eaft v\u00e0 m\u00e0i).<\/div>\n

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1. V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 cacbua<\/h2>\n
Cacbua xi m\u0103ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m luy\u1ec7n kim b\u1ed9t l\u00e0m t\u1eeb cacbua kim lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t r\u1ea5t c\u1ee9ng, ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t (WC, TiC) thi\u00eau k\u1ebft v\u1edbi Co, Ni, vv nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t k\u1ebft d\u00ednh. Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o lo\u1ea1i, hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t, s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t k\u1ebft d\u00ednh c\u1ee7a cacbua kim lo\u1ea1i. \u0110\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ee3p kim c\u1ee9ng l\u00e0 HRC74 ~ 81,5 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 gi\u1ea3m khi ch\u1ea5t k\u1ebft d\u00ednh<\/div>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

n\u1ed9i dung t\u0103ng. H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cacbua nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao trong cacbua xi m\u0103ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 th\u00e9p t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao, do \u0111\u00f3 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 t\u00ednh d\u1ebbo nhi\u1ec7t t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1eaft l\u00ean t\u1edbi 800-1000 \u00b0 C. \u0110\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 600 \u00b0 C v\u00e0 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p carbon \u1edf 1000 \u00b0 C. C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 c\u1eaft cho v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p g\u1ed7 v\u00e0 g\u1ed7 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cacbua xi m\u0103ng c\u1ee7a YG v\u1edbi coban kim lo\u1ea1i (Co) l\u00e0m ch\u1ea5t k\u1ebft d\u00ednh v\u00e0 cacbua vonfram (WC) l\u00e0m pha c\u1ee9ng. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 c\u1eaft m\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a trong ng\u00e0nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t g\u1ed7 v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn g\u1ed7, h\u1ee3p kim nh\u00f4m c\u1ee9ng, l\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ch\u1ecbu m\u00e0i m\u00f2n cao, \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ng\u00e0nh ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn g\u1ed7 ch\u00ednh. v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5, v\u00e0 s\u1ebd c\u00f2n l\u00e2u n\u1eefa. B\u00ean trong v\u1eabn s\u1ebd chi\u1ebfm m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed quan tr\u1ecdng trong v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 c\u1eaft g\u1ed7. V\u00ec cacbua xi m\u0103ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u gi\u00f2n, c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 u\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng kho\u1ea3ng 1\/4 \u0111\u1ebfn 1\/2 so v\u1edbi th\u00e9p t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n va \u0111\u1eadp l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng 1\/30 \u0111\u1ebfn 1\/4 c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 c\u1ea1nh c\u1eaft kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng nh\u01b0 th\u00e9p t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao. S\u1eafc n\u00e9t nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n h\u01a1n n\u1eefa v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1eaft c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 c\u1eaft cacbua.<\/div>\n

2 Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u1eaft cacbua<\/h2>\n
V\u00ec kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 c\u1eaft cacbua kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p trong s\u1ed1 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i cacbua d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng gia c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n gia c\u00f4ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y mang l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t ti\u1ec7n cho vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 cacbua xi m\u0103ng. \u0110\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n h\u01a1n n\u1eefa hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1eaft to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 c\u1eaft cacbua, c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00f3ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u00e1c kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh sau \u0111\u00e2y.<\/div>\n

2.1 Tinh ch\u1ebf h\u1ea1t<\/h3>\n
B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch tinh ch\u1ec9nh k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a pha c\u1ee9ng, t\u0103ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t v\u00e0 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ef1c li\u00ean k\u1ebft gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t, \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 c\u1eaft cacbua c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n. Khi k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a WC gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi thang Subicron, \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng, \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n, \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u0103ng l\u00ean, v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u00f4 \u0111\u1eb7c c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m. K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a cacbua xi m\u0103ng th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng 3 ~ 5\u03bcm, k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a cacbua xi m\u0103ng h\u1ea1t m\u1ecbn l\u00e0 1 ~ 1,5\u03bcm, v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a cacbua xi m\u0103ng h\u1ea1t si\u00eau m\u1ecbn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t 0,5\u03bcm ho\u1eb7c \u00edt h\u01a1n. So v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p kim c\u1ee9ng th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n, cacbua h\u1ea1t si\u00eau m\u1ecbn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng h\u01a1n 2HRA v\u00e0 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 u\u1ed1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng th\u00eam 600 ~ 800MPa. Cacbua h\u1ea1t si\u00eau m\u1ecbn ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/div>\n

2.2 B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t theo chu k\u1ef3<\/h3>\n
Vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd th\u1ea5m nit\u01a1, boron h\u00f3a, vv tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t h\u1ee3p kim c\u1ee9ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n t\u1ed1t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t. Vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a h\u1ee3p kim c\u1ee9ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n t\u1ed1t nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a pha ch\u1ea5t k\u1ebft d\u00ednh trong v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m t\u00ednh ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a pha c\u1ee9ng WC, do \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a h\u1ee3p kim c\u1ee9ng. Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng quy tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t theo chu k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m ho\u1eb7c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ranh gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u h\u1ee3p kim c\u1ee9ng.<\/div>\n

2.3 Th\u00eam kim lo\u1ea1i hi\u1ebfm<\/h3>\n
Vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed5 sung TaC, NbC v\u00e0 c\u00e1c cacbua kim lo\u1ea1i hi\u1ebfm kh\u00e1c v\u00e0o v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u cacbua xi m\u0103ng cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5 gia k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi WC pha c\u1ee9ng hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac dung d\u1ecbch r\u1eafn ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, gi\u00fap c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 th\u00eam c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac pha c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 c\u0169ng tri\u1ec7t ti\u00eau pha c\u1ee9ng. T\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng h\u1ea1t, t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng kh\u00e1c, s\u1ebd c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a cacbua xi m\u0103ng. Lo\u1ea1i cacbua xi m\u0103ng c\u00f3 Ta (Nb) C n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i cacbua P, K v\u00e0 M ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ISO.<\/div>\n

2.4 Th\u00eam c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm<\/h3>\n
Th\u00eam m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ecf c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm nh\u01b0 tantalum trong v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u cacbua xi m\u0103ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 u\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 do nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng pha c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 pha k\u1ebft d\u00ednh, l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch ranh gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1t v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5m \u01b0\u1edbt c\u1ee7a dung d\u1ecbch r\u1eafn cacbua th\u00e0nh pha k\u1ebft d\u00ednh. H\u1ee3p kim cacbua ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm th\u00edch h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t cho gia c\u00f4ng th\u00f4, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1eaft v\u00e0 ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn g\u1ed7 v\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u composite g\u1ed7. T\u00e0i nguy\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c r\u1ea5t phong ph\u00fa v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 c\u1eaft cacbua nh\u01b0 v\u1eady s\u1ebd c\u00f3 tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i. Hi\u1ec7n nay, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 c\u1eaft cacbua \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n theo hai h\u01b0\u1edbng. M\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t, b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u01b0\u01a1ng hi\u1ec7u \u0111a n\u0103ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n v\u00e0 t\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd; m\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, c\u00e1c th\u01b0\u01a1ng hi\u1ec7u chuy\u00ean d\u00f9ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafm m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 th\u00edch nghi h\u01a1n. B\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1eaft, \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1eaft.<\/div>\n

3. cacbua tr\u00e1ng<\/h2>\n
Tr\u00ean ch\u1ea5t n\u1ec1n cacbua c\u1ee9ng, d\u1ebbo dai, m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng b\u1edfi CVD (l\u1eafng \u0111\u1ecdng h\u01a1i h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc), PVD (l\u1eafng \u0111\u1ecdng h\u01a1i v\u1eadt l\u00fd), PVCD (l\u1eafng \u0111\u1ecdng h\u01a1i h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng Plasma), HVOF (L\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 nhi\u1ec7t t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao), v.v. c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t kim lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ea5m nh\u01b0 TiN, TiC v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c. \u0110\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng TiC cao (HV3200), ch\u1ed1ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n t\u1ed1t, do \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 5 ~ 7\u03bcm. \u0110\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng TiN th\u1ea5p (HV1800 ~ 2100) c\u00f3 l\u1ef1c li\u00ean k\u1ebft th\u1ea5p v\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t n\u1ec1n, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 c\u00f3 t\u00ednh d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n cao. \u0110\u1ed9 d\u00e0y l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t 8 ~ 12\u03bcm, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp n\u1ec1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7. \u0110\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 c\u1eaft cacbua. D\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 c\u1eaft cacbua tr\u00e1ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu m\u00e0i m\u00f2n v\u00e0 ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t t\u1ed1t, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1eaft t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao. Do \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 t\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t cao, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 khi n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c l\u00f4 nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i x\u1eed l\u00fd t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng linh ho\u1ea1t. L\u1ea7n, n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 x\u1eed l\u00fd.<\/div>\n
C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 cacbua tr\u00e1ng xi m\u0103ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n m\u1ea1nh, h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1ee1i \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng r\u00e3nh, hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng ph\u00e1 phoi v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1eaft kh\u00e1c, c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i cho vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00fd. Sau khi th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 c\u1eaft cacbua tr\u00e1ng xi m\u0103ng, \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc cao, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u gia c\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb c\u1ee7a thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m tr\u00ean x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 cacbua tr\u00e1ng ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb x\u1eed l\u00fd t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 FMS (H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t linh ho\u1ea1t), CIMS (H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u00edch h\u1ee3p m\u00e1y t\u00ednh). Tuy nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u1ee7 v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9m v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng va \u0111\u1eadp c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ma tr\u1eadn cacbua xi m\u0103ng. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng khi l\u01b0\u1ee1i c\u01b0a cacbua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee7 TiN \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u01b0a r\u0103ng, hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t m\u00e0i m\u00f2n c\u1ee7a m\u1eb7t c\u00e0o c\u1ee7a r\u0103ng c\u01b0a \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n.<\/div>\n
Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m c\u01b0a c\u01b0a g\u1ed7 ph\u1ee7 PVD ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng khi l\u01b0\u1ee1i c\u01b0a h\u1ee3p kim c\u1ee9ng WC ph\u1ee7 TiN (b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t r\u0103ng ph\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc) c\u01b0a t\u1ea5m v\u00e1n c\u1ee9ng, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u0103ng c\u01b0a gi\u1ea3m \u0111i. Tuy nhi\u00ean, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao h\u01a1n c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 CVD d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh pha ch\u1ea5t k\u1ebft d\u00ednh gi\u00f2n gi\u1eefa l\u1edbp n\u1ec1n v\u00e0 l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7.<\/div>\n
L\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 tr\u00ean l\u01b0\u1ee1i c\u1eaft nhanh ch\u00f3ng bong ra d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t d\u01b0 c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7, c\u1eaft nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 l\u1ef1c c\u1eaft. So v\u1edbi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p CVD, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 PVD th\u1ea5p, do \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ph\u1ee7 PVD c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 cao, \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1eafc c\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n. Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ph\u1ee7 PVD c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng n\u1ee9t t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n. Sau gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1990, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc cacbua, h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t k\u1ebft d\u00ednh v\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ph\u1ee7 cho c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn g\u1ed7 cacbua ph\u1ee7 PVD.<\/div>\n
K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t cacbua l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00e0 0,8, 1,2, 1,5 v\u00e0 1,7 \u03bcm. H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng coban t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00e0 3%, 4%, 6% v\u00e0 10%; v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ph\u1ee7 l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00e0 TiN, TiN-Ti (C, N) -TiN. \u0110\u1ed9 d\u00e0y c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi TiAlN 2 l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00e0 3,5 ,m, 5,5 \u03bcm v\u00e0 3 \u03bcm, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho m\u1eb7t c\u00e0o c\u1ee7a d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 cho th\u1ea5y l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 b\u1ecb bong ra trong c\u1ea3 ba v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ph\u1ee7, nh\u01b0ng TiN v\u00e0 Ti (N, C, N) nh\u1eb9 h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi TiAlN 2, v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t m\u1ecbn v\u00e0 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng coban th\u1ea5p t\u0103ng 10%. ~ 30%, nh\u01b0ng h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng coban cao c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00e1m d\u00ednh c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 th\u1ea5p l\u00e0 l\u00fd do ch\u00ednh cho s\u1ef1 n\u1ee9t v\u1ee1 l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7. Tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 d\u00e0i h\u01a1n 2 l\u1ea7n trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1eaft. Trong l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7, b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n nh\u1edd c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 tinh ch\u1ebf h\u1ea1t, do \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 m\u1ecbn, \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ph\u1ee7 ch\u1ed1ng ma s\u00e1t v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng b\u00e1m d\u00ednh c\u0169ng l\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7. \u0110\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n, b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t titan, b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ph\u1ee7 m\u1ecbn, b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t s\u01b0\u1eddn l\u00e0 l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 si\u00eau m\u1ecbn \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5. Kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng c\u1ef1c cao v\u00e0 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng m\u00f2n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 100 \u0111\u1ebfn 250 l\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi cacbua xi m\u0103ng. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i axit m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 ki\u1ec1m, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo dai c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 r\u1ea5t k\u00e9m. N\u1ebfu v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 c\u1ee9ng h\u01a1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m ch\u1ea5t n\u1ec1n, h\u00e3y s\u01a1n m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng cao, ch\u1ed1ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n v\u00e0 tr\u01a1 h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n v\u00e0 c\u1eaft t\u1ed1t. Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a m\u00e0i m\u00f2n c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn g\u1ed7, l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n ch\u1ed1ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng.<\/div>\n
V\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1950, trong khi kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao v\u00e0 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t cao \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p pha kh\u00ed \u00e1p su\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1, nh\u01b0ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1eafng \u0111\u1ecdng r\u1ea5t ch\u1eadm. Kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p pha kh\u00ed \u00e1p su\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t trong v\u00f9ng kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng si\u00eau b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 pha \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a pha graphit. Than ch\u00ec v\u00e0 carbon v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a. Do \u0111\u00f3, \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf than ch\u00ec v\u00e0 carbon v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh l\u00e0 ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a cho m\u00e0ng kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1eafng \u0111\u1ecdng h\u01a1i. V\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1980, \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p l\u1eafng \u0111\u1ecdng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao nh\u01b0 m\u00e1y bay ph\u1ea3n l\u1ef1c plasma DC \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eafng \u0111\u1ecdng m\u00e0ng kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng. Vi\u1ec7c c\u1eaft c\u00e1c th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m tr\u00ean v\u00e1n d\u0103m b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ph\u1ee7 cacbua ph\u1ee7 kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng CVD v\u1edbi m\u1eb7t c\u00e0o (\u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 20 \u03bcm) cho th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 n\u1ee9t v\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng. Mi\u1ec5n l\u00e0 l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb bong ra, \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00f2n c\u1ee7a d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec \u1edf m\u1ee9c 40 \u0111\u1ebfn 50 \u03bcm. C\u00e1c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m phay tr\u00ean g\u1ed7 MDF v\u1edbi ch\u00e8n ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 cacbua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee7 kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng cho th\u1ea5y m\u00e0ng kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 bong tr\u00f3c kh\u00e1c nhau, nh\u01b0ng m\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng tr\u00e1ng ph\u1ee7 c\u00f3 l\u1edbp b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00f2n c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ma tr\u1eadn, do \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0110\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n m\u00f2n \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng g\u1ea7n 1 l\u1ea7n. V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a quy tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u1ee7, l\u1ef1c li\u00ean k\u1ebft gi\u1eefa m\u00e0ng kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t n\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u0103ng th\u00eam v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 bong tr\u00f3c m\u00e0ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t. Hi\u1ec7n nay, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u cacbua tr\u00e1ng kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng s\u00e0n, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1eaft l\u1edbp ch\u1ed1ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n Al 2 O 3 tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a s\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gia c\u1ed1. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u1ed9 tinh khi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a m\u00e0ng \u0111a tinh th\u1ec3 kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng CVD r\u1ea5t cao, \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng (HV9000 ~ 10000) g\u1ea7n b\u1eb1ng kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gia c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 r\u1ea5t k\u00e9m, v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 x\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch gia c\u00f4ng th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1eb7c \u0103n m\u00f2n \u0111i\u1ec7n. Do \u0111\u00f3, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u h\u1ee3p kim c\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee7 kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c l\u01b0\u1ee1i dao l\u1eadp ch\u1ec9 m\u1ee5c kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 regrind.<\/div>\n
Sau n\u0103m 2000, hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ph\u1ee7 kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng CVD \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n h\u01a1n n\u1eefa. C\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1eadp ch\u1ec9 m\u1ee5c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 cacbua r\u1eafn.<\/div>\n

4. K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n
V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 c\u1eaft cacbua \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 c\u1eaft ch\u00ednh trong ng\u00e0nh ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn g\u1ed7 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 s\u1ebd chi\u1ebfm m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c c\u1eaft v\u00e0 ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn g\u1ed7 trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p kim c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ee7 kh\u00e1c nhau, hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1eaft c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 c\u1eaft cacbua s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u0103ng v\u00e0 ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn g\u1ed7 s\u1ebd \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00e1c nhau cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u1eaft c\u1ee7a g\u1ed7 v\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u composite g\u1ed7. C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u01a1n thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u m\u1edbi, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 h\u1ee3p kim c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p kim c\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn h\u1ee3p l\u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u0111a h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1eaft, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 c\u1eaft cacbua.<\/div>\n
C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c g\u1ed7 cacbua vonfram c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Machining is one of the most basic, widest and most important processes in the wood industry, directly affecting production efficiency, processing costs and energy consumption. With the advancement of the wood industry technology, various wood composite materials, plywood, wood, bamboo glulam, especially melamine impregnated paper plywood, PVC plywood, Al 2 O 3 reinforced plywood and…<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2813,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[79],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/141d2f_4fb30763ef8c4f7fa8c3bef42fb57140mv2-1.jpg","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1845"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1845"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1845\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2813"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1845"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1845"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1845"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}