{"id":3835,"date":"2019-10-26T08:17:23","date_gmt":"2019-10-26T08:17:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.mcctcarbide.com\/?p=3835"},"modified":"2020-05-06T02:56:49","modified_gmt":"2020-05-06T02:56:49","slug":"what-do-you-know-about-compensations-in-cnc-lathe-machining","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/what-do-you-know-about-compensations-in-cnc-lathe-machining\/","title":{"rendered":"CNC Torna \u0130\u015flemede Tazminatlar Hakk\u0131nda Neler Biliyorsunuz"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"vgblk-rw-wrapper limit-wrapper\">\n<p>Tak\u0131m tezgah\u0131n\u0131n sistematik mekanik sapmas\u0131 sistem taraf\u0131ndan kaydedilebilir, ancak s\u0131cakl\u0131k veya mekanik y\u00fck gibi \u00e7evresel fakt\u00f6rler nedeniyle, sonraki kullan\u0131m s\u00fcrecinde sapma hala g\u00f6r\u00fcnebilir veya artabilir. Bu durumlarda SINUMERIK farkl\u0131 kompanzasyon fonksiyonlar\u0131 sa\u011flayabilir. Sapma, daha iyi i\u015fleme efekti elde etmek i\u00e7in ger\u00e7ek konum kodlay\u0131c\u0131 (\u0131zgara gibi) veya ek sens\u00f6r (lazer interferometre vb.) taraf\u0131ndan elde edilen \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclen de\u011fer kullan\u0131larak telafi edilir.<strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/2_\u56fe\u72471-2.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3836\" title=\"\"><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Tak\u0131m tezgah\u0131n\u0131n hareketli par\u00e7alar\u0131 ile bilyal\u0131 vida gibi tahrik par\u00e7alar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki kuvvet aktar\u0131m\u0131 s\u00fcreksizlik veya gecikme \u00fcretecektir, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bo\u015fluksuz mekanik yap\u0131 tak\u0131m tezgah\u0131n\u0131n a\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde art\u0131racakt\u0131r ve ayn\u0131 zamanda zordur. teknoloji a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek. Mekanik bo\u015fluk, milin \/ milin hareket yolu ile dolayl\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm sisteminin \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclen de\u011feri aras\u0131nda bir sapmaya neden olur. Bu, y\u00f6n de\u011fi\u015fti\u011finde, bo\u015flu\u011fun boyutuna ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak eksenin \u00e7ok uzak veya \u00e7ok yak\u0131n hareket edece\u011fi anlam\u0131na gelir. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma tezgah\u0131 ve ilgili kodlay\u0131c\u0131 da etkilenecektir: kodlay\u0131c\u0131 konumu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma masas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcndeyse, komut konumuna zaman\u0131ndan \u00f6nce ula\u015f\u0131r, bu da tak\u0131m tezgah\u0131n\u0131n ger\u00e7ek hareket mesafesinin k\u0131sald\u0131\u011f\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelir. Tak\u0131m tezgah\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131nda, kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k gelen eksende ters bo\u015fluk telafisi i\u015flevini kullanarak, geri giderken \u00f6nceden kaydedilen sapma otomatik olarak etkinle\u015ftirilecek ve daha \u00f6nce kaydedilen sapma ger\u00e7ek konum de\u011ferinin \u00fczerine bindirilecektir.<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Vida ad\u0131m\u0131 hatas\u0131 telafisi<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/3_\u56fe\u72472.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3837\" title=\"\"><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>CNC kontrol sistemindeki dolayl\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fcn \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm prensibi, bilyal\u0131 vida ad\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n etkili vuru\u015fta de\u011fi\u015fmeden kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 varsay\u0131m\u0131na dayan\u0131r, bu nedenle teoride, do\u011frusal eksenin ger\u00e7ek konumu, hareket bilgisi konumuna g\u00f6re \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131labilir. s\u00fcr\u00fc\u015f motoru. Ancak bilyal\u0131 vidan\u0131n \u00fcretim hatas\u0131, \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm sisteminin sapmas\u0131na (vida ad\u0131m\u0131 hatas\u0131 olarak da bilinir) yol a\u00e7acakt\u0131r. \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcm sapmas\u0131 (kullan\u0131lan \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm sistemine ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak) ve \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm sisteminin tak\u0131m tezgah\u0131na kurulum hatas\u0131 (\u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm sistemi hatas\u0131 olarak da bilinir) bu sorunu daha da a\u011f\u0131rla\u015ft\u0131rabilir. Bu iki t\u00fcr hatay\u0131 telafi etmek i\u00e7in, CNC tak\u0131m tezgahlar\u0131n\u0131n do\u011fal hata e\u011frisini \u00f6l\u00e7mek i\u00e7in bir dizi ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm sistemi (lazer \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc) kullan\u0131labilir ve ard\u0131ndan gerekli telafi de\u011ferleri, telafi i\u00e7in CNC sistemine kaydedilir.<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>S\u00fcrt\u00fcnme telafisi (kadran hatas\u0131 telafisi) ve dinamik s\u00fcrt\u00fcnme telafisi<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/3_\u56fe\u72473.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3838\" title=\"\"><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u00c7eyrek hata kompanzasyonu (s\u00fcrt\u00fcnme kompanzasyonu olarak da bilinir), dairesel konturu i\u015flerken kontur do\u011frulu\u011funu b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde iyile\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in yukar\u0131daki t\u00fcm durumlar i\u00e7in uygundur. Sebebi \u015fu \u015fekildedir: \u00c7eyrek d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcmde bir eksen en y\u00fcksek besleme h\u0131z\u0131nda hareket ederken di\u011fer eksen sabittir. Bu nedenle, iki eksenin farkl\u0131 s\u00fcrt\u00fcnme davran\u0131\u015f\u0131, kontur hatas\u0131na neden olabilir. \u00c7eyrek hata telafisi, bu hatay\u0131 etkili bir \u015fekilde azaltabilir ve m\u00fckemmel i\u015fleme etkisi sa\u011flayabilir. Telafi darbesinin yo\u011funlu\u011fu, dairesellik testi ile belirlenebilen ve parametrelendirilebilen ivme ile ilgili karakteristik e\u011friye g\u00f6re ayarlanabilir. Yuvarlakl\u0131k testinde, dairesel konturun ger\u00e7ek konumu ile programlanan yar\u0131\u00e7ap (\u00f6zellikle geri giderken) aras\u0131ndaki sapma nicel olarak kaydedilir ve insan-makine aray\u00fcz\u00fcnde grafikler arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclenir.<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Sistem yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n yeni versiyonunda, entegre dinamik s\u00fcrt\u00fcnme kompanzasyonu i\u015flevi, tak\u0131m tezgah\u0131n\u0131n farkl\u0131 d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f h\u0131zlar\u0131 alt\u0131ndaki s\u00fcrt\u00fcnme davran\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 dinamik olarak telafi edebilir, ger\u00e7ek i\u015fleme profili hatas\u0131n\u0131 azaltabilir ve daha y\u00fcksek kontrol do\u011frulu\u011fu elde edebilir.<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Sarkma ve a\u00e7\u0131 hatas\u0131 telafisi<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/5_\u56fe\u72474.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3839\" title=\"\"><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Her bir tak\u0131m tezgah\u0131n\u0131n tek tek par\u00e7alar\u0131n\u0131n a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131, hareketli par\u00e7alar\u0131n yer de\u011fi\u015ftirmesine ve e\u011fimine neden olacaksa, ilgili makine par\u00e7alar\u0131n\u0131n (k\u0131lavuz sistemi dahil) sarkmas\u0131na neden olaca\u011f\u0131ndan sarkma telafisi gerekir. A\u00e7\u0131 hatas\u0131 kompanzasyonu, hareketli eksenler birbiriyle do\u011fru a\u00e7\u0131da (\u00f6rne\u011fin dikey) hizalanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda kullan\u0131l\u0131r. S\u0131f\u0131r noktas\u0131 konumunun ofsetinin artmas\u0131yla konum hatas\u0131 da artar. Bu hatalar\u0131n her ikisi de tak\u0131m tezgah\u0131n\u0131n a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan veya tak\u0131m ve i\u015f par\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131n a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan kaynaklan\u0131r. Hata ay\u0131klama s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclen tazminat de\u011feri nicelle\u015ftirildikten sonra, tazminat tablosu gibi bir bi\u00e7imde kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k gelen konuma g\u00f6re SINUMERIK&#039;te saklan\u0131r. Makine \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken ilgili eksenin konumu, depolama noktas\u0131n\u0131n kompanzasyon de\u011ferine g\u00f6re enterpole edilir. Her ard\u0131\u015f\u0131k yol hareketi i\u00e7in temel eksen ve telafi ekseni vard\u0131r.<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>s\u0131cakl\u0131k telafisi<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Is\u0131, makinenin \u00e7e\u015fitli par\u00e7alar\u0131n\u0131n genle\u015fmesine neden olabilir. Geni\u015fleme aral\u0131\u011f\u0131, her makine par\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ve termal iletkenli\u011fine ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Farkl\u0131 s\u0131cakl\u0131k, her eksenin ger\u00e7ek konumunun de\u011fi\u015fmesine neden olabilir, bu da i\u015f par\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131n i\u015flemedeki do\u011frulu\u011fu \u00fczerinde olumsuz bir etkiye sahip olacakt\u0131r. Ger\u00e7ek de\u011ferlerdeki bu de\u011fi\u015fiklikler, s\u0131cakl\u0131k kompanzasyonu ile dengelenebilir. Her eksenin farkl\u0131 s\u0131cakl\u0131klardaki hata e\u011frileri tan\u0131mlanabilir. Termal genle\u015fmeyi her zaman do\u011fru bir \u015fekilde kompanze etmek i\u00e7in s\u0131cakl\u0131k kompanzasyon de\u011feri, referans konumu ve lineer gradyan a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 parametresi, fonksiyon blo\u011fu arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla PLC&#039;den CNC kontrol sistemine aktar\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Makinenin a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 y\u00fcklenmesini \u00f6nlemek ve izleme i\u015flevini etkinle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in beklenmedik parametrelerin de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi kontrol sistemi taraf\u0131ndan otomatik olarak ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lacakt\u0131r.<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Alan hatas\u0131 kompanzasyon sistemi (VCS)<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/3_\u56fe\u72475.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3841\" title=\"\"><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>D\u00f6nen milin konumu, kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 telafisi ve aletin oryantasyon hatas\u0131, d\u00f6nen ba\u015fl\u0131k, d\u00f6nen ba\u015fl\u0131k ve di\u011fer bile\u015fenlerde sistematik geometrik hatalara yol a\u00e7abilir. Ayr\u0131ca her tak\u0131m tezgah\u0131nda besleme milinin k\u0131lavuz sisteminde k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck hatalar olacakt\u0131r. Do\u011frusal eksen i\u00e7in bu hatalar do\u011frusal konum hatalar\u0131, yatay ve dikey do\u011frusall\u0131k hatalar\u0131d\u0131r ve d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f ekseni i\u00e7in yunuslama a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131, yalpa a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 ve yuvarlanma a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 hatalar\u0131 \u00fcretilecektir. Makine bile\u015fenleri birbiriyle hizaland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ba\u015fka hatalar meydana gelebilir. \u00d6rne\u011fin, dikey hata. \u00dc\u00e7 eksenli bir tak\u0131m tezgah\u0131nda bu, tak\u0131m ucunda 21 geometrik hatan\u0131n meydana gelebilece\u011fi anlam\u0131na gelir: Do\u011frusal eksen ba\u015f\u0131na alt\u0131 hata t\u00fcr\u00fc, \u00fc\u00e7 eksenle \u00e7arp\u0131l\u0131r, art\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7 a\u00e7\u0131sal hata. Bu sapmalar birlikte uzamsal hata olarak da bilinen toplam hatay\u0131 olu\u015fturur.<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Bo\u015fluk hatas\u0131, ger\u00e7ek tak\u0131m tezgah\u0131n\u0131n tak\u0131m orta noktas\u0131 (TCP) konumu ile hatas\u0131z ideal tak\u0131m tezgah\u0131n\u0131n konumu aras\u0131ndaki sapmay\u0131 tan\u0131mlar. SINUMERIK \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm ortaklar\u0131, lazer \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm cihazlar\u0131 yard\u0131m\u0131yla mekansal hatalar\u0131 tespit edebilmektedir. Sadece tek bir pozisyonun hatas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7mek yeterli de\u011fildir. T\u00fcm i\u015fleme alan\u0131ndaki t\u00fcm makine hatalar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7mek gerekir. Genel olarak, t\u00fcm konumlar\u0131n \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclen de\u011ferlerinin kaydedilmesi ve bir e\u011fri \u00e7izilmesi gerekir, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc her bir hatan\u0131n boyutu, ilgili besleme ekseninin konumuna ve \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclen konuma ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin, Y ekseni ve z ekseni farkl\u0131 konumlarda oldu\u011funda, x ekseninin neden oldu\u011fu sapma, x ekseninin neredeyse ayn\u0131 konumunda bile farkl\u0131 olacakt\u0131r. \u201ccycle996 \u2013 hareket \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc\u201d yard\u0131m\u0131 ile d\u00f6nme ekseni hatas\u0131n\u0131n belirlenmesi sadece birka\u00e7 dakika s\u00fcrer. Bu, tak\u0131m tezgah\u0131n\u0131n do\u011frulu\u011funun s\u00fcrekli olarak kontrol edilebilece\u011fi ve gerekirse \u00fcretimde bile d\u00fczeltilebilece\u011fi anlam\u0131na gelir.<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Sapma telafisi (dinamik ileri besleme kontrol\u00fc)<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/5_\u56fe\u72476.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3842\" title=\"\"><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Sapma, tak\u0131m tezgah\u0131 ekseni hareket etti\u011finde konum kontrol\u00f6r\u00fc ile standart aras\u0131ndaki sapmay\u0131 ifade eder. Eksen sapmas\u0131, makine ekseninin hedef konumu ile ger\u00e7ek konumu aras\u0131ndaki farkt\u0131r. Sapma, \u00f6zellikle daire, kare kontur vb. gibi konturun e\u011frili\u011fi de\u011fi\u015fti\u011finde, h\u0131z ile ilgili gereksiz kontur hatalar\u0131na yol a\u00e7ar. Par\u00e7a program\u0131nda NC y\u00fcksek seviyeli dil komutu ffwon&#039;un yard\u0131m\u0131yla, h\u0131za ba\u011fl\u0131 sapma, h\u0131za ba\u011fl\u0131 sapma olabilir. yol boyunca hareket ederken s\u0131f\u0131ra d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr. \u0130leri besleme kontrol\u00fc, daha iyi i\u015fleme efekti elde etmek i\u00e7in yol hassasiyetini geli\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Elektronik kar\u015f\u0131 a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k telafisi<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>A\u015f\u0131r\u0131 durumlarda, milin sarkmas\u0131n\u0131 ve makineye, alete veya i\u015f par\u00e7as\u0131na zarar vermesini \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in elektronik kar\u015f\u0131 a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k i\u015flevi etkinle\u015ftirilebilir. Mekanik veya hidrolik kar\u015f\u0131 a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 olmayan bir y\u00fck \u015faft\u0131nda, fren b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda dikey \u015faft beklenmedik \u015fekilde sarkacakt\u0131r. Elektronik kar\u015f\u0131 a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k etkinle\u015ftirildi\u011finde, beklenmedik \u015faft sarkmas\u0131n\u0131 telafi edebilir. Fren b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra, sarkma milinin konumu sabit bir denge torku ile korunur.<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><!-- .vgblk-rw-wrapper -->","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The systematic mechanical related deviation of machine tool can be recorded by the system, but due to environmental factors such as temperature or mechanical load, the deviation may still appear or increase in the subsequent use process. In these cases, SINUMERIK can provide different compensation functions. The deviation is compensated by using the measured value&#8230;<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":19295,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[92],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/\u56fe\u72471-1.png","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3835"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3835"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3835\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/19295"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3835"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3835"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3835"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}