{"id":3645,"date":"2019-07-12T02:48:51","date_gmt":"2019-07-12T02:48:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.mcctcarbide.com\/?p=3645"},"modified":"2020-05-06T03:39:02","modified_gmt":"2020-05-06T03:39:02","slug":"machining-tolerances-of-shafthole-basic-system","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/mil-deligi-temel-sisteminin-isleme-toleranslari\/","title":{"rendered":"\u015eaft ve Delik Temel Sisteminin \u0130\u015fleme Toleranslar\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"

Makine m\u00fchendisli\u011finde i\u015fleme tolerans\u0131, nominal boyut ile ger\u00e7ek boyut aras\u0131ndaki planlanmam\u0131\u015f sapma miktar\u0131n\u0131 ifade eder.<\/p>

Konum hatas\u0131, i\u015f par\u00e7as\u0131 ve kesici tak\u0131mlar aras\u0131ndaki yanl\u0131\u015f ba\u011f\u0131l d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f, kesme kuvvetinin s\u0131k\u0131\u015fmas\u0131ndan kaynaklanan deformasyon, hatta bile\u015fenin i\u00e7 k\u0131sm\u0131ndaki gerilim giderme vb. gibi \u00e7e\u015fitli nedenlerin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan her t\u00fcrl\u00fc tolerans etkilenir. par\u00e7alar\u0131n montaj\u0131 ve \u00f6zellikleri az ya da \u00e7ok. Bu nedenle, toleranslar (bi\u00e7im, konum, boyut ve y\u00fczey p\u00fcr\u00fczl\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc) par\u00e7alar\u0131 tasarlarken makine m\u00fchendisi i\u00e7in olduk\u00e7a \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>

Bu makale i\u00e7in harcayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 alan ve de\u011ferli zaman g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, burada yaln\u0131zca iki klasik geometri unsurunun, yani mil ve deliklerin boyut tolerans\u0131n\u0131 tart\u0131\u015faca\u011f\u0131z.<\/p>

\"\u0130\u015eLEME<\/figure>

Boyut Tolerans\u0131 ve \u00d6dene\u011fi Aras\u0131ndaki Temel Fark<\/h2>

Boyut tolerans\u0131, iki bile\u015fen aras\u0131ndaki ara sapma ile ilgilidir. M\u00fcsaadenin aksine, tolerans, planlanmam\u0131\u015f bir t\u00fcr sapma olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lma e\u011filimindedir. \u00d6rne\u011fin, bir so\u011fuk \u015fekillendirme \u00e7ubu\u011funun boyut tolerans\u0131 0\/-0,15 mm oldu\u011funda, bu par\u00e7a i\u00e7in tolerans 0\/-0,02 mm'yi \u00f6nceden ayarlayaca\u011f\u0131z, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc sonraki tavlama i\u015fleminde 0,13 mm k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fclecektir. Bu \u00f6rnekten g\u00f6rebilece\u011finiz gibi, tolerans, i\u015flenmi\u015f bir par\u00e7a i\u00e7in kabul edilebilir kritik s\u0131n\u0131rlar sadece iken, tolerans, m\u00fchendisin bilgisi ve yarg\u0131s\u0131 ile tahmin edilir.<\/p>

Boyut \u0130\u015fleme Tolerans\u0131n\u0131 Olu\u015fturan Fakt\u00f6rler <\/strong><\/h2>

Yukar\u0131daki \u00f6rnekte ayr\u0131ca \u00fcst sapma ve alt sapmay\u0131 i\u00e7eren limit sapmadan bahsedilmektedir. 0\/-0.15mm'de \u201c0\u201d, maksimum boyut s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 ile ger\u00e7ek boyut aras\u0131ndaki fark anlam\u0131na gelen \u00fcst sapma (ES olarak i\u015faretlenir) olarak kabul edilir. Aksine, \u201c-0.15mm\u201d, minimum boyut s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 ile ger\u00e7ek boyut aras\u0131ndaki fark olan alt sapmay\u0131 (EI olarak i\u015faretlenir) ifade eder. <\/p>

Temel Boyut<\/strong><\/p>

Bu, \u015faft\u0131n ve deli\u011fin nominal \u00e7ap\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>

D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck Sapma<\/strong><\/p>

Bu, bile\u015fenin minimum s\u0131n\u0131r boyutu ile temel boyutu aras\u0131ndaki farkt\u0131r.<\/p>

\u00dcst Sapma<\/strong><\/p>

Bu, bile\u015fenin maksimum s\u0131n\u0131r boyutu ile temel boyutu aras\u0131ndaki farkt\u0131r.<\/p>

Boyut tolerans\u0131, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki form\u00fclle ifade edilen, \u00fcst sapma ile alt sapma aras\u0131ndaki mutlak de\u011fer fark\u0131na e\u015fittir,<\/p>

T=\u4e28ES-EI\u4e28<\/strong><\/p>

Boyut tolerans\u0131n\u0131n negatif de\u011fer olamamas\u0131n\u0131n nedeni, sapman\u0131n bile\u015fenin temel boyutundan daha fazla veya daha az olmas\u0131na izin verilirken, Tol. De\u011fil. Bir dereceye kadar i\u015fleme tolerans\u0131, bir s\u00fcrecin ne kadar zor oldu\u011funun yans\u0131mas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>

3 \u00c7e\u015fit Delik ve \u015eaft Sistemi Uyumlar\u0131 <\/strong><\/h2>
\"\u0130\u015fleme<\/figure>

\u015eaft temel veya delik temel sisteminin ne oldu\u011funa ge\u00e7meden \u00f6nce, giri\u015fim ve bo\u015fluk kavramlar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irmeye ihtiya\u00e7 vard\u0131r. her biri deli\u011fin ve \u015faft\u0131n tolerans b\u00f6lgesi aras\u0131nda bir t\u00fcr ili\u015fki g\u00f6sterir. Genel olarak, giri\u015fim s\u0131k\u0131l\u0131\u011fa kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k gelir ve bo\u015fluk gev\u015fekli\u011fe kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k gelir.<\/p>

Bir delik ve bir mil bo\u015fluktayken, deli\u011fin tolerans b\u00f6lgesi milinkinden daha b\u00fcy\u00fckt\u00fcr. Bo\u015fluklu ge\u00e7me, H&S sistemi i\u00e7in daha gev\u015fek bir ba\u011flant\u0131 ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131nda yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>

S\u0131k\u0131 ge\u00e7me, deli\u011fin tolerans b\u00f6lgesinin \u015faft\u0131nkinden daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck olabilece\u011fi anlam\u0131na gelir. A\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7as\u0131, bu t\u00fcr bir uyum, bu s\u0131k\u0131 ba\u011flant\u0131 ba\u011flant\u0131lar\u0131 i\u00e7in uygundur.<\/p>

Bu nedenle, ge\u00e7i\u015f uyumunun, giri\u015fim ve bo\u015fluk aras\u0131nda bir ara uyum ko\u015fulu oldu\u011funu kolayca anlayaca\u011f\u0131z.<\/p>

Standart \u0130\u015fleme Toleranslar\u0131 ve Se\u00e7im Prensibi<\/strong> <\/h2>

\u0130ki temel sistem s\u00f6z konusu oldu\u011funda, belirtilmesi gereken bir ba\u015fka kritik kavram daha vard\u0131r, standart tolerans seviyeleri. (IT olarak i\u015faretlenir) Her BT seviyesi, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki form\u00fcllerle hesaplanan standartla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir tolerans miktar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k gelir,<\/p>

i\u2014\u2014 Standart tolerans fakt\u00f6r\u00fc, mikron birim olarak al\u0131n\u0131r;<\/p>

D\u2014\u2014 Min'in geometrik ortalamas\u0131. ve Maks. birimi milimetre olan bir boyut b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcndeki boyutlar.<\/p>

\u0130\u015f par\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131n boyutu\u2264500mm, <\/p>

ben=0.453<\/sup>\u221aD+0,001D<\/p>

500 mm (\u0130\u015f par\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131n boyutu \u22643150 mm),<\/p>

ben=0,004D+2.1<\/p>

Daha sonra farkl\u0131 Tol.s de\u011ferleri ile ilgili a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki grafi\u011fi elde edebiliriz. Kelimenin tam anlam\u0131yla, bir katsay\u0131n\u0131n standart tolerans fakt\u00f6r\u00fc olan i ile \u00e7arp\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcnlerdir. Her ne kadar bir\u00e7ok \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm prosed\u00fcr\u00fc burada atlanm\u0131\u015f olsa da.<\/p>

\"Standart<\/figure>

Bu \u00e7izelgede g\u00f6sterildi\u011fi gibi, standart toleranslar IT01, IT0, IT1,.. ve T18 olarak ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. seviyeler artar ve tolerans de\u011feri buna g\u00f6re artar.<\/p>

Uygun tolerans seviyesi se\u00e7me ilkesi, ekonomik etkinlik, \u00fcretim maliyeti ve makine par\u00e7alar\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131m de\u011ferini dikkate almakt\u0131r. Genel olarak, IT5~IT13 genel uyum durumu i\u00e7in, IT2~IT5 ultra hassas par\u00e7alar i\u00e7in, IT12~IT18 herhangi bir uyumsuz durum i\u00e7in ve IT8~IT14 hammadde uyumu i\u00e7in uygulan\u0131r.<\/p>

Ayr\u0131ca, uluslararas\u0131 standartlara g\u00f6re, par\u00e7alar\u0131n temel boyutu 1 mm'den k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck oldu\u011funda IT14-IT18 kullan\u0131lamaz. <\/p>

Delik&\u015faft Temel Sistemi ve \u0130\u015fleme Toleranslar\u0131n\u0131n Se\u00e7imi<\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>

Birincil endi\u015femize d\u00f6nersek, IT seviyelerini \u015faft ve deli\u011fin uyum toleranslar\u0131nda uygulayarak, deli\u011fin tolerans b\u00f6lgesini \u201cHx\u201d ve \u015faft\u0131 \u201chx\u201d olarak etiketliyoruz. \u00dc\u00e7 \u00e7e\u015fit ge\u00e7me ve \u015faft&delik temel sistemine dayal\u0131 olarak hangi standart tolerans\u0131n do\u011fru se\u00e7ildi\u011fini incelemeniz i\u00e7in referans\u0131n\u0131z i\u00e7in tablolar vard\u0131r.<\/p>

\"Delik&\u015faft<\/figure>
\"Delik&\u015faft<\/figure><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

In mechanic engineering, machining tolerance refers to the amount of unplanned deviation between the nominal dimension and real dimension. All kinds of tolerances are affected by the presence of various reasons such as position error, incorrect relative rotation between workpiece and cutting tools, deformation caused by compression of cutting force, or even stress relief in…<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":19323,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[92],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3645","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cutting-tools-weekly"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/1_burrs-of-machining-tolerance.png","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3645","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3645"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3645\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/19323"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3645"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3645"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3645"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}