{"id":21323,"date":"2022-08-15T11:56:17","date_gmt":"2022-08-15T03:56:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/?p=21323"},"modified":"2022-08-15T11:56:21","modified_gmt":"2022-08-15T03:56:21","slug":"what-is-tensile-strength-of-metal-material-and-its-measuring-method","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/metal-malzemenin-cekme-mukavemeti-ve-olcme-yontemi-nedir\/","title":{"rendered":"Metal malzemenin \u00e7ekme mukavemeti ve \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm y\u00f6ntemi nedir?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Gerilim basit bir mekanik \u00f6zellik testidir. Test \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm mesafesi i\u00e7inde, stres tekd\u00fczedir, stres, gerinim ve performans g\u00f6stergelerinin \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc kararl\u0131, g\u00fcvenilir ve teorik hesaplama i\u00e7in uygundur. \u00c7ekme testi sayesinde, pozitif elastik mod\u00fcl E ve akma dayan\u0131m\u0131 \u03c3 0.2 gibi elastik deformasyon, plastik deformasyon ve k\u0131r\u0131lma s\u00fcrecindeki en temel mekanik \u00f6zellik indeksleri \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclebilir. Verim noktas\u0131 \u03c3 s. \u00c7ekme mukavemeti \u03c3 b. K\u0131r\u0131lmadan sonra uzama h\u0131z\u0131 \u03b4 Ve alan\u0131n azalmas\u0131 \u03c8 vb. \u00c7ekme testinde elde edilen e \u03c3 0.2\u3001 \u03c3 s\u3001 \u03c3 b\u3001 \u03b4\u3001\u03c8 vb. gibi mekanik \u00f6zellik indeksleri, malzemelerin do\u011fal temel \u00f6zellikleridir ve ana temeldir. m\u00fchendislik tasar\u0131m\u0131nda.<\/a><\/a><\/a><\/p>

Metal plastik deformasyon ve \u00e7ekme mukavemeti aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fki<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>

\u00c7o\u011fu metal malzeme i\u00e7in elastik deformasyon b\u00f6lgesinde gerilim ve gerinim orant\u0131l\u0131 hale gelir. Gerilim veya gerinim artmaya devam etti\u011finde, belirli bir noktada gerinim uygulanan gerilimle orant\u0131l\u0131 olmayacakt\u0131r.<\/p>

Bu noktada, biti\u015fik ilk atomlarla olan ba\u011f k\u0131r\u0131lmaya ba\u015flar ve yeni bir atom grubuyla de\u011fi\u015ftirilir. Bu durumda, gerilme ortadan kalkt\u0131ktan sonra malzeme eski haline d\u00f6nmez, yani deformasyon kal\u0131c\u0131 ve geri d\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fclemez hale gelir ve daha sonra malzeme plastik deformasyon b\u00f6lgesine girer (\u015eekil 1).<\/p>

\u015eekil 1 Plastik deformasyonun \u015fematik diyagram\u0131<\/figcaption><\/figure>
Asl\u0131nda, malzemenin elastik b\u00f6lgeden plastik b\u00f6lgeye ge\u00e7ti\u011fi tam noktay\u0131 belirlemek zordur. \u015eekil 2'de g\u00f6sterildi\u011fi gibi, 0,002 gerinimli paralel bir \u00e7izgi \u00e7izilir. Gerilim-gerinim e\u011frisi bu \u00e7izgi ile kesilir ve akma gerilimi, akma dayan\u0131m\u0131 olarak belirlenir. Akma dayan\u0131m\u0131, \u00f6nemli plastik deformasyonun meydana geldi\u011fi gerilime e\u015fittir. \u00c7o\u011fu malzeme tek tip de\u011fildir ve m\u00fckemmel ideal malzemeler de de\u011fildir. Malzemelerin verimi, genellikle sertle\u015ftirmenin e\u015flik etti\u011fi bir s\u00fcre\u00e7tir, bu nedenle belirli bir nokta de\u011fildir.<\/p>
$\"\"$
\u015eekil 2 stres-gerinim e\u011frisi<\/figcaption><\/figure>
\u00c7o\u011fu metal malzeme i\u00e7in, gerilim-gerinim e\u011frisi \u015eekil 3'te g\u00f6sterilene benzer g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr. Y\u00fckleme ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, gerilim s\u0131f\u0131rdan artar ve gerinim do\u011frusal olarak artar. Malzeme akana kadar e\u011fri do\u011frusall\u0131ktan sapmaya ba\u015flar.<\/p>
Gerilimi art\u0131rmaya devam edin ve e\u011fri maksimum de\u011fere ula\u015f\u0131r. Maksimum de\u011fer, \u015fekilde m ile g\u00f6sterilen e\u011frinin maksimum gerilme de\u011feri olan \u00e7ekme mukavemetine kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k gelir. K\u0131r\u0131lma noktas\u0131, malzemenin nihayet k\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 noktad\u0131r ve \u015fekilde F ile g\u00f6sterilmektedir.<\/a><\/p>
$\"\"$
\u015eekil 3 M\u00fchendislik gerilme-gerinim e\u011frisinin \u015fematik diyagram\u0131<\/figcaption><\/figure>
<\/p>
Tipik gerilme-gerinim test cihaz\u0131 ve test numunesi geometrisi \u015eekil 4'te g\u00f6sterilmi\u015ftir. \u00c7ekme testi s\u0131ras\u0131nda numune yava\u015f\u00e7a \u00e7ekilir ve uzunluk ve uygulanan kuvvet de\u011fi\u015fiklikleri kaydedilir. Kuvvet yer de\u011fi\u015ftirme e\u011frisi kaydedilir. Gerilme-gerinim e\u011frisi, numunenin orijinal uzunlu\u011fu, \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fc uzunlu\u011fu ve kesit alan\u0131 kullan\u0131larak \u00e7izilebilir.<\/p>
$\"\"$
\u015eekil 4 stres gerinim testi<\/figcaption><\/figure>
<\/a><\/a><\/p>
\u015eekil 4 stres gerinim testi<\/p>
Gerilme plastik deformasyona u\u011frayabilen malzemeler i\u00e7in en yayg\u0131n olarak iki t\u00fcr e\u011fri kullan\u0131l\u0131r: M\u00fchendislik gerilme-m\u00fchendislik gerinim e\u011frisi ve ger\u00e7ek gerilme-gerilme e\u011frisi. Aralar\u0131ndaki fark, gerilmenin hesaplanmas\u0131nda kullan\u0131lan alan\u0131n farkl\u0131 olmas\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130lki numunenin ilk alan\u0131n\u0131 kullan\u0131r ve ikincisi, \u00e7ekme i\u015flemi s\u0131ras\u0131nda ger\u00e7ek zamanl\u0131 kesit alan\u0131n\u0131 kullan\u0131r. Bu nedenle, gerilme-gerinim e\u011frisinde ger\u00e7ek gerilme genellikle m\u00fchendislik gerilmesinden daha y\u00fcksektir.<\/p>
$\"\"$
\u015eekil 5 Tipik \u00e7ekme e\u011frisinin \u015fematik diyagram\u0131<\/figcaption><\/figure>
<\/a><\/p>
$\"\"$ <\/figure>
<\/a><\/p>
\u015eekil 6, \u00e7e\u015fitli ger\u00e7ek metal malzemelerin ger\u00e7ek gerilim ve ger\u00e7ek gerinim e\u011frileri<\/p>
En yayg\u0131n iki t\u00fcr \u00e7ekme e\u011frisi vard\u0131r: biri belirgin akma noktas\u0131na sahip \u00e7ekme e\u011frisidir; \u0130kincisi, belirgin bir akma noktas\u0131 olmayan \u00e7ekme e\u011frisi. Akma noktas\u0131, metalin ilk plastik deformasyona kar\u015f\u0131 direncini temsil eder. Bu, m\u00fchendislik teknolojisindeki en \u00f6nemli mekanik \u00f6zelliklerden biridir.<\/p>
$\"\"$
\u015eekil 7, gerinim sertle\u015ftirme ile tipik \u00e7ekme e\u011frisi<\/figcaption><\/figure>
<\/a><\/p>
Metal plastik deformasyondan \u00e7ekme mukavemeti nas\u0131l \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcr?<\/h2>
Art\u0131k plastik deformasyon \u00f6nemli bir temeldir. Genel olarak, belirli bir art\u0131k plastik deformasyon yapay olarak akma mukavemeti olarak al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda m\u00fchendislik metaline kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k gelen diren\u00e7, ayn\u0131 zamanda ko\u015fullu akma mukavemeti olarak da bilinir. Yani, belirgin bir plastik akma noktas\u0131 yoktur ve belirgin bir akma dayan\u0131m\u0131 yoktur. Ger\u00e7ek metalin akma dayan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 bilmek istiyorsan\u0131z, bir yarg\u0131 ko\u015fuluna ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131z vard\u0131r, bu nedenle ko\u015fullu akma dayan\u0131m\u0131 vard\u0131r. Farkl\u0131 metal bile\u015fenler i\u00e7in ko\u015fullu akma dayan\u0131m\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k gelen art\u0131k deformasyon farkl\u0131d\u0131r. Baz\u0131 sert metal bile\u015fenler i\u00e7in, art\u0131k deformasyon k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck olmal\u0131, s\u0131radan metal bile\u015fenlerin kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k gelen art\u0131k deformasyonu, ko\u015fullar alt\u0131nda akt\u0131klar\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lan art\u0131k deformasyon 0.01%, 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.5% ve 1.0%'dir.<\/p>
$\"\"$
\u015eekil 8 ko\u015fullu verim<\/figcaption><\/figure>
<\/a><\/p>
Metal verimi, dislokasyon hareketinin sonucudur, bu nedenle metal verimi dislokasyon hareketinin direnci ile belirlenir. Saf metaller i\u00e7in, kafes direncini, dislokasyon etkile\u015fim direncini ve di\u011fer kusurlar veya yap\u0131larla dislokasyon etkile\u015fim direncini i\u00e7erir.<\/p>
$\"\"$
Ger\u00e7ek metal al\u00fcminyumdaki \u015eekil 9 \u00e7\u0131k\u0131klar\u0131<\/figcaption><\/figure>
<\/a><\/p>
\u00c7ekme e\u011frisi \u00fczerindeki d\u00fcz k\u0131sma, yani elastik k\u0131sma kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k gelen alan, elastik \u00f6zelliktir. Elastik deformasyonun ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131ndan k\u0131r\u0131lma s\u00fcrecine kadar, numune taraf\u0131ndan emilen toplam enerjiye k\u0131r\u0131lma i\u015fi denir ve metal taraf\u0131ndan k\u0131r\u0131lmadan \u00f6nce emilen enerjiye k\u0131r\u0131lma toklu\u011fu denir. Ger\u00e7ek metallerin mekanik \u00f6zellikleri genellikle \u00e7ekme i\u015flemi s\u0131ras\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fir ve en belirgin olay i\u015f sertle\u015fmesidir. Metalin i\u015flenerek sertle\u015ftirilmesi, a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 y\u00fcklendi\u011finde pratik m\u00fchendislik bile\u015fenlerinin ani k\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 ve feci sonu\u00e7lara yol a\u00e7mas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemeye yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur.<\/p>
Metal plastik deformasyonu ve deformasyon sertle\u015fmesi, metalin homojen plastik deformasyonunu sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in \u00f6n ko\u015fullard\u0131r. Yani plastik deformasyonun meydana geldi\u011fi polikristal metalde \u00f6nce sa\u011flamla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r sonra plastik deformasyon bast\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r, b\u00f6ylece deformasyon ba\u015fka yerlere daha kolay aktar\u0131labilir.<\/p>
Ger\u00e7ek \u00e7ekme e\u011frisine g\u00f6re, \u00e7o\u011fu metal oda s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda akt\u0131ktan sonra, akma geriliminin etkisi alt\u0131nda deformasyon devam etmeyecek ve deformasyona devam etmek i\u00e7in diren\u00e7 artt\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Ger\u00e7ek gerilme-gerinim e\u011frisinde, reolojik gerilme y\u00fckselir ve i\u015f sertle\u015fmesi fenomeni ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. B\u00f6yle bir e\u011friye i\u015f sertle\u015fme e\u011frisi denir. \u0130\u015f sertle\u015ftirme indeksi n, malzemelerin s\u00fcrekli deformasyona direnme yetene\u011fini temsil eden \u00f6nemli bir plastisite indeksidir.<\/a><\/p>
$\"\"$
\u015eekil 10 metal plastik deformasyonda i\u015f sertle\u015fmesi<\/figcaption><\/figure>
Finally, let’s talk about the strain rate. Generally, the tensile curves of metal materials are obtained by testing at a lower strain rate. Only some special metal components need to test their mechanical properties under high strain rate, that is, the components with high-speed deformation. Under normal room temperature, the deformation of the material is mainly dislocation slip or twinning.<\/p>
$\"\"$
\u015eekil 11 al\u00fcminyum ala\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fcksek h\u0131zl\u0131 deformasyon e\u011frisi<\/figcaption><\/figure>
<\/a><\/p>
\u00c7ekme e\u011frisi \u00fczerindeki maksimum m\u00fchendislik gerilimi, yani m\u00fchendislik gerinim e\u011frisi, nihai \u00e7ekme gerilimi, yani \u00e7ekme mukavemeti olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Tension is a simple mechanical property test. Within the test gauge distance, the stress is uniform, the measurement of stress, strain and performance indicators is stable, reliable and convenient for theoretical calculation. Through tensile test, the most basic mechanical property indexes in the process of elastic deformation, plastic deformation and fracture can be measured, such…<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":21333,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[79],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-21323","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-materials-weekly"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/image-11.png","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21323","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=21323"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21323\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/21333"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=21323"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=21323"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=21323"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}

\u015eekil 1 Plastik deformasyonun \u015fematik diyagram\u0131<\/figcaption><\/figure>
Asl\u0131nda, malzemenin elastik b\u00f6lgeden plastik b\u00f6lgeye ge\u00e7ti\u011fi tam noktay\u0131 belirlemek zordur. \u015eekil 2'de g\u00f6sterildi\u011fi gibi, 0,002 gerinimli paralel bir \u00e7izgi \u00e7izilir. Gerilim-gerinim e\u011frisi bu \u00e7izgi ile kesilir ve akma gerilimi, akma dayan\u0131m\u0131 olarak belirlenir. Akma dayan\u0131m\u0131, \u00f6nemli plastik deformasyonun meydana geldi\u011fi gerilime e\u015fittir. \u00c7o\u011fu malzeme tek tip de\u011fildir ve m\u00fckemmel ideal malzemeler de de\u011fildir. Malzemelerin verimi, genellikle sertle\u015ftirmenin e\u015flik etti\u011fi bir s\u00fcre\u00e7tir, bu nedenle belirli bir nokta de\u011fildir.<\/p>
$\"\"$
\u015eekil 2 stres-gerinim e\u011frisi<\/figcaption><\/figure>
\u00c7o\u011fu metal malzeme i\u00e7in, gerilim-gerinim e\u011frisi \u015eekil 3'te g\u00f6sterilene benzer g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr. Y\u00fckleme ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, gerilim s\u0131f\u0131rdan artar ve gerinim do\u011frusal olarak artar. Malzeme akana kadar e\u011fri do\u011frusall\u0131ktan sapmaya ba\u015flar.<\/p>
Gerilimi art\u0131rmaya devam edin ve e\u011fri maksimum de\u011fere ula\u015f\u0131r. Maksimum de\u011fer, \u015fekilde m ile g\u00f6sterilen e\u011frinin maksimum gerilme de\u011feri olan \u00e7ekme mukavemetine kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k gelir. K\u0131r\u0131lma noktas\u0131, malzemenin nihayet k\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 noktad\u0131r ve \u015fekilde F ile g\u00f6sterilmektedir.<\/a><\/p>
$\"\"$
\u015eekil 3 M\u00fchendislik gerilme-gerinim e\u011frisinin \u015fematik diyagram\u0131<\/figcaption><\/figure>
<\/p>
Tipik gerilme-gerinim test cihaz\u0131 ve test numunesi geometrisi \u015eekil 4'te g\u00f6sterilmi\u015ftir. \u00c7ekme testi s\u0131ras\u0131nda numune yava\u015f\u00e7a \u00e7ekilir ve uzunluk ve uygulanan kuvvet de\u011fi\u015fiklikleri kaydedilir. Kuvvet yer de\u011fi\u015ftirme e\u011frisi kaydedilir. Gerilme-gerinim e\u011frisi, numunenin orijinal uzunlu\u011fu, \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fc uzunlu\u011fu ve kesit alan\u0131 kullan\u0131larak \u00e7izilebilir.<\/p>
$\"\"$
\u015eekil 4 stres gerinim testi<\/figcaption><\/figure>
<\/a><\/a><\/p>
\u015eekil 4 stres gerinim testi<\/p>
Gerilme plastik deformasyona u\u011frayabilen malzemeler i\u00e7in en yayg\u0131n olarak iki t\u00fcr e\u011fri kullan\u0131l\u0131r: M\u00fchendislik gerilme-m\u00fchendislik gerinim e\u011frisi ve ger\u00e7ek gerilme-gerilme e\u011frisi. Aralar\u0131ndaki fark, gerilmenin hesaplanmas\u0131nda kullan\u0131lan alan\u0131n farkl\u0131 olmas\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130lki numunenin ilk alan\u0131n\u0131 kullan\u0131r ve ikincisi, \u00e7ekme i\u015flemi s\u0131ras\u0131nda ger\u00e7ek zamanl\u0131 kesit alan\u0131n\u0131 kullan\u0131r. Bu nedenle, gerilme-gerinim e\u011frisinde ger\u00e7ek gerilme genellikle m\u00fchendislik gerilmesinden daha y\u00fcksektir.<\/p>
$\"\"$
\u015eekil 5 Tipik \u00e7ekme e\u011frisinin \u015fematik diyagram\u0131<\/figcaption><\/figure>
<\/a><\/p>
$\"\"$ <\/figure>
<\/a><\/p>
\u015eekil 6, \u00e7e\u015fitli ger\u00e7ek metal malzemelerin ger\u00e7ek gerilim ve ger\u00e7ek gerinim e\u011frileri<\/p>
En yayg\u0131n iki t\u00fcr \u00e7ekme e\u011frisi vard\u0131r: biri belirgin akma noktas\u0131na sahip \u00e7ekme e\u011frisidir; \u0130kincisi, belirgin bir akma noktas\u0131 olmayan \u00e7ekme e\u011frisi. Akma noktas\u0131, metalin ilk plastik deformasyona kar\u015f\u0131 direncini temsil eder. Bu, m\u00fchendislik teknolojisindeki en \u00f6nemli mekanik \u00f6zelliklerden biridir.<\/p>
$\"\"$
\u015eekil 7, gerinim sertle\u015ftirme ile tipik \u00e7ekme e\u011frisi<\/figcaption><\/figure>
<\/a><\/p>
Metal plastik deformasyondan \u00e7ekme mukavemeti nas\u0131l \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcr?<\/h2>
Art\u0131k plastik deformasyon \u00f6nemli bir temeldir. Genel olarak, belirli bir art\u0131k plastik deformasyon yapay olarak akma mukavemeti olarak al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda m\u00fchendislik metaline kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k gelen diren\u00e7, ayn\u0131 zamanda ko\u015fullu akma mukavemeti olarak da bilinir. Yani, belirgin bir plastik akma noktas\u0131 yoktur ve belirgin bir akma dayan\u0131m\u0131 yoktur. Ger\u00e7ek metalin akma dayan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 bilmek istiyorsan\u0131z, bir yarg\u0131 ko\u015fuluna ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131z vard\u0131r, bu nedenle ko\u015fullu akma dayan\u0131m\u0131 vard\u0131r. Farkl\u0131 metal bile\u015fenler i\u00e7in ko\u015fullu akma dayan\u0131m\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k gelen art\u0131k deformasyon farkl\u0131d\u0131r. Baz\u0131 sert metal bile\u015fenler i\u00e7in, art\u0131k deformasyon k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck olmal\u0131, s\u0131radan metal bile\u015fenlerin kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k gelen art\u0131k deformasyonu, ko\u015fullar alt\u0131nda akt\u0131klar\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lan art\u0131k deformasyon 0.01%, 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.5% ve 1.0%'dir.<\/p>
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\u015eekil 8 ko\u015fullu verim<\/figcaption><\/figure>
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Metal verimi, dislokasyon hareketinin sonucudur, bu nedenle metal verimi dislokasyon hareketinin direnci ile belirlenir. Saf metaller i\u00e7in, kafes direncini, dislokasyon etkile\u015fim direncini ve di\u011fer kusurlar veya yap\u0131larla dislokasyon etkile\u015fim direncini i\u00e7erir.<\/p>
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Ger\u00e7ek metal al\u00fcminyumdaki \u015eekil 9 \u00e7\u0131k\u0131klar\u0131<\/figcaption><\/figure>
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\u00c7ekme e\u011frisi \u00fczerindeki d\u00fcz k\u0131sma, yani elastik k\u0131sma kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k gelen alan, elastik \u00f6zelliktir. Elastik deformasyonun ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131ndan k\u0131r\u0131lma s\u00fcrecine kadar, numune taraf\u0131ndan emilen toplam enerjiye k\u0131r\u0131lma i\u015fi denir ve metal taraf\u0131ndan k\u0131r\u0131lmadan \u00f6nce emilen enerjiye k\u0131r\u0131lma toklu\u011fu denir. Ger\u00e7ek metallerin mekanik \u00f6zellikleri genellikle \u00e7ekme i\u015flemi s\u0131ras\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fir ve en belirgin olay i\u015f sertle\u015fmesidir. Metalin i\u015flenerek sertle\u015ftirilmesi, a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 y\u00fcklendi\u011finde pratik m\u00fchendislik bile\u015fenlerinin ani k\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 ve feci sonu\u00e7lara yol a\u00e7mas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemeye yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur.<\/p>
Metal plastik deformasyonu ve deformasyon sertle\u015fmesi, metalin homojen plastik deformasyonunu sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in \u00f6n ko\u015fullard\u0131r. Yani plastik deformasyonun meydana geldi\u011fi polikristal metalde \u00f6nce sa\u011flamla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r sonra plastik deformasyon bast\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r, b\u00f6ylece deformasyon ba\u015fka yerlere daha kolay aktar\u0131labilir.<\/p>
Ger\u00e7ek \u00e7ekme e\u011frisine g\u00f6re, \u00e7o\u011fu metal oda s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda akt\u0131ktan sonra, akma geriliminin etkisi alt\u0131nda deformasyon devam etmeyecek ve deformasyona devam etmek i\u00e7in diren\u00e7 artt\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Ger\u00e7ek gerilme-gerinim e\u011frisinde, reolojik gerilme y\u00fckselir ve i\u015f sertle\u015fmesi fenomeni ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. B\u00f6yle bir e\u011friye i\u015f sertle\u015fme e\u011frisi denir. \u0130\u015f sertle\u015ftirme indeksi n, malzemelerin s\u00fcrekli deformasyona direnme yetene\u011fini temsil eden \u00f6nemli bir plastisite indeksidir.<\/a><\/p>
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\u015eekil 10 metal plastik deformasyonda i\u015f sertle\u015fmesi<\/figcaption><\/figure>
Finally, let’s talk about the strain rate. Generally, the tensile curves of metal materials are obtained by testing at a lower strain rate. Only some special metal components need to test their mechanical properties under high strain rate, that is, the components with high-speed deformation. Under normal room temperature, the deformation of the material is mainly dislocation slip or twinning.<\/p>
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\u015eekil 11 al\u00fcminyum ala\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fcksek h\u0131zl\u0131 deformasyon e\u011frisi<\/figcaption><\/figure>
<\/a><\/p>
\u00c7ekme e\u011frisi \u00fczerindeki maksimum m\u00fchendislik gerilimi, yani m\u00fchendislik gerinim e\u011frisi, nihai \u00e7ekme gerilimi, yani \u00e7ekme mukavemeti olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Tension is a simple mechanical property test. Within the test gauge distance, the stress is uniform, the measurement of stress, strain and performance indicators is stable, reliable and convenient for theoretical calculation. Through tensile test, the most basic mechanical property indexes in the process of elastic deformation, plastic deformation and fracture can be measured, such…<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":21333,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[79],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-21323","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-materials-weekly"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/image-11.png","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21323","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=21323"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21323\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/21333"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=21323"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=21323"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=21323"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}