{"id":20442,"date":"2021-03-09T06:35:47","date_gmt":"2021-03-09T06:35:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/?p=20442"},"modified":"2021-03-09T06:36:32","modified_gmt":"2021-03-09T06:36:32","slug":"non-metallic-inclusions-in-steel-and-methods-to-identify-them","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/metalik-olmayan-celik-inkluzyonlar-ve-bunlari-tanimlama-yontemleri\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00c7elikte Metalik Olmayan \u0130nkl\u00fczyonlar ve Bunlar\u0131 Tan\u0131mlama Y\u00f6ntemleri"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Metalik olmayan inkl\u00fczyonlar, esas olarak, s\u0131v\u0131 \u00e7elik yo\u011fu\u015fma s\u00fcrecinde oksijen, k\u00fck\u00fcrt ve nitrojen bile\u015fiklerinin denge sabitlerinin artmas\u0131yla olu\u015fturulan \u00e7e\u015fitli metalik olmayan inkl\u00fczyon bile\u015fiklerinden gelir. Kimyasal reaksiyonla olu\u015fan \u00fcr\u00fcnlere k\u0131saca metalik olmayan inkl\u00fczyon veya inkl\u00fczyon denilmelidir. \u00c7elikteki inkl\u00fczyon miktar\u0131 az olsa da \u00e7elik malzeme ve \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin kalitesi \u00fczerinde k\u00f6t\u00fc bir etkisi vard\u0131r. Modern malzeme m\u00fchendisli\u011fi teknolojisinin geli\u015fmesiyle, \u00e7elik kalitesi gereksinimi giderek daha kat\u0131 hale geldi. Bu nedenle, metalik olmayan inkl\u00fczyonlar\u0131n derinlemesine incelenmesi, malzeme tan\u0131mlamas\u0131, \u00fcr\u00fcn k\u0131r\u0131lma analizi, hurda analizi ve ar\u0131za analizi i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131yacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. \u00c7elikte metalik olmayan inkl\u00fczyonlar\u0131n kaynaklar\u0131<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u0130nkl\u00fczyonlara esas olarak \u00e7eli\u011fin erimesi ve kat\u0131la\u015fmas\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda bir dizi fiziksel ve kimyasal reaksiyon neden olur. Kaynaklar\u0131na g\u00f6re i\u00e7sel (i\u00e7) kapan\u0131mlar ve d\u0131\u015fsal (d\u0131\u015f) kapan\u0131mlar olarak ikiye ayr\u0131labilirler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

endojen inkl\u00fczyonlar<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Endogenetik inkl\u00fczyonlar, \u00e7elik eritme, d\u00f6k\u00fcm ve yo\u011fu\u015fma i\u015flemi s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u00e7e\u015fitli malzeme bile\u015fenleri aras\u0131ndaki kimyasal reaksiyon veya \u00e7elik ile f\u0131r\u0131nda atmosfer veya kap aras\u0131ndaki temas veya azalma nedeniyle \u00e7\u00f6ken partik\u00fcller taraf\u0131ndan \u00fcretilen \u00fcr\u00fcnleri ifade eder. s\u0131v\u0131 \u00e7eli\u011fin yo\u011fu\u015fma s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fck.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

yabanc\u0131 kapan\u0131mlar<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yabanc\u0131 dahil etme, harici dahil etme veya tesad\u00fcfi dahil etme olarak da adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Ekipman veya konteyn\u0131rdan \u00e7\u0131kan ve s\u0131v\u0131 \u00e7elik safs\u0131zl\u0131klar\u0131na kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan eritme, d\u00f6k\u00fcm \u00fcretim s\u00fcrecinden kaynaklanmaktad\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca, bazen ergitme i\u015fleminin ihmali nedeniyle, refrakter tu\u011fla termal etki nedeniyle \u00e7atlar ve d\u00fc\u015fer, di\u011fer oksit t\u00fcrleri ile \u00fcr\u00fcnler olu\u015fturur ve yabanc\u0131 inkl\u00fczyon haline gelir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

2.\u00c7elik kalitesi \u00fczerindeki inkl\u00fczyonlar\u0131n etkisi<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u0130nkl\u00fczyonlar\u0131n zararl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 bunlar\u0131n miktar\u0131na, \u015fekline, boyutuna, da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131na, erime noktas\u0131na, fiziksel ve kimyasal \u00f6zelliklerine ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130nkl\u00fczyon, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck erime noktas\u0131 \u00f6zelli\u011fine sahip oldu\u011funda, \u00e7elik, s\u0131cak i\u015flem s\u0131ras\u0131nda erimesi veya yumu\u015famas\u0131 nedeniyle s\u0131cak k\u0131r\u0131lganl\u0131k ve \u00e7atlak \u00fcretecektir. \u00c7elikte al\u00fcminyum kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 veya di\u011fer nitr\u00fcrler oldu\u011funda, \u00e7eli\u011fin y\u00fczey sertli\u011fi e\u015fit de\u011fildir, bu da kesmeyi ve \u00f6\u011f\u00fctmeyi zorla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r. \u00c7eli\u011fe dahil etme standard\u0131 a\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, kimyasal \u0131s\u0131l i\u015flemde d\u00fczensiz s\u0131zma tabakas\u0131 gibi \u0131s\u0131l i\u015flem ve kaynak i\u015flemine b\u00fcy\u00fck zorluklar getirecek ve kayna\u011f\u0131n g\u00fcc\u00fc b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde azalt\u0131lacak veya kaynak s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u00e7atlayacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. \u0130nkl\u00fczyonlar\u0131n metalografik olarak tan\u0131mlanmas\u0131<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Metalografik tan\u0131mlama y\u00f6ntemi, inkl\u00fczyonlar\u0131n kimyasal bile\u015fimini ve kristal yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 tan\u0131mlayamaz, ancak optik metalografik mikroskop alt\u0131nda inkl\u00fczyonlar\u0131n \u015feklini, boyutunu, miktar\u0131n\u0131, da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 ve t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc do\u011frudan g\u00f6zlemleyebilir ve tan\u0131mlayabilir. Ayn\u0131 zamanda metalografik tan\u0131mlama y\u00f6ntemi, basit i\u015flem ve kolay uygulama \u00f6zelliklerine de sahiptir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yakalanan \u00f6rneklerin metalik olmayan kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n tan\u0131mlanmas\u0131n\u0131n sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 temsil edebilmesini sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in metalografik \u00f6rneklerin durdurulmas\u0131 ve haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131, yakalanan par\u00e7alar ilgili teknik ko\u015fullar\u0131n gereksinimlerini kar\u015f\u0131lamal\u0131d\u0131r. Bo\u015f d\u00f6vme i\u00e7in, d\u00f6vme bo\u015flu\u011funun ba\u015f\u0131, ortas\u0131 ve kuyru\u011fu gibi merkezden kenar\u0131na kadar farkl\u0131 par\u00e7alardan numuneler al\u0131nabilir; haddelenmi\u015f ve so\u011fuk \u00e7ekilmi\u015f \u00e7elik i\u00e7in, numuneler merkez hatt\u0131 boyunca uzunlamas\u0131na al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r; \u00e7atlak s\u00f6nd\u00fcrme, d\u00f6vme \u00e7atla\u011f\u0131, s\u0131cak haddeleme, damgalama ve ar\u0131za yorulma k\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in, \u00e7atlak ve k\u0131r\u0131lma yerinden numuneler al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r; \u00f6zel \u00e7elik veya \u00fcr\u00fcn par\u00e7alar\u0131 i\u00e7in gereksinimlere g\u00f6re numune al\u0131nabilir, firma standard\u0131na g\u00f6re yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Numunenin \u00f6\u011f\u00fctme i\u015fleminde kabadan inceye do\u011fru metalografik z\u0131mpara ka\u011f\u0131d\u0131 kullan\u0131lacakt\u0131r. Bir sonraki ta\u015flama i\u015flemi, ta\u015flama i\u015fareti kaybolana kadar \u00f6nceki ta\u015flama i\u015fleminin ta\u015flama i\u015faretine dik olacakt\u0131r. Parlatma i\u015fleminde, numunenin parlatma y\u00fczeyi, uygun bas\u0131n\u00e7la parlatma diskinin yar\u0131\u00e7ap\u0131nda ileri geri hareket ettirilmeli ve numunenin kendisi de s\u00fcrekli olarak d\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fclmelidir. Nihai gereklilik, \u00f6rne\u011fin 100 kez g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f alan\u0131nda kaz\u0131nmam\u0131\u015f ve y\u00fczeyinde \u00e7izik, soyulma, su izi, leke, ayna gibi p\u00fcr\u00fczs\u00fcz ve parlak olmamas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4. inkl\u00fczyon t\u00fcrleri ve morfolojisi<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

S\u00fclf\u00fcrler, y\u00fcksek s\u00fcnekli\u011fe, geni\u015f bir \u015fekil oran\u0131na (uzunluk \/ geni\u015flik) sahip tek gri kapan\u0131mlara sahiptir, genellikle yuvarlak u\u00e7ludur; al\u00fcminan\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funda deformasyon yoktur, \u015fekil oran\u0131 k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckt\u00fcr (genellikle < 3) ve siyah veya mavi par\u00e7ac\u0131klar yuvarlanma y\u00f6n\u00fc boyunca bir s\u0131ra halinde d\u00fczenlenir (en az \u00fc\u00e7 par\u00e7ac\u0131k); silikat, geni\u015f bir \u015fekil oran\u0131 aral\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile y\u00fcksek s\u00fcnekli\u011fe sahiptir Tek siyah veya koyu gri kapan\u0131mlar (genellikle \u2265 3), genellikle u\u00e7ta dar a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131; k\u00fcresel oksitler deforme olmayan, k\u00f6\u015feli veya yuvarlak, \u015fekil olarak k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck (genellikle < 3), siyah veya mavi, d\u00fczensiz da\u011f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f par\u00e7ac\u0131klard\u0131r; tek par\u00e7ac\u0131kl\u0131 k\u00fcresel kapan\u0131mlar yuvarlak veya neredeyse yuvarlakt\u0131r, \u00e7ap \u2265 13 \u03bc M.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Non metallic inclusions mainly come from various types of non-metallic inclusion compounds formed by the corresponding increase of the equilibrium constants of oxygen, sulfur and nitrogen compounds in the process of liquid steel condensation. The products formed by chemical reaction should be called non-metallic inclusion or inclusion for short. Although the amount of inclusions in…<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":20444,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[79],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/srchttp_2F2Fwww.csrqys.com2Fzb_users2Fupload2F20182F052F20180523092507_12631.jpgreferhttp_2F2Fwww.csrqys.jpg","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20442"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=20442"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20442\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/20444"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=20442"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=20442"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=20442"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}