{"id":1711,"date":"2019-05-22T02:47:44","date_gmt":"2019-05-22T02:47:44","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/single-post-raiders-about-interpret-high-resolution-electron-micrographs-come\/"},"modified":"2020-05-04T13:12:04","modified_gmt":"2020-05-04T13:12:04","slug":"raiders-about-interpret-high-resolution-electron-micrographs-come","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/raiders-about-interpret-high-resolution-electron-micrographs-come\/","title":{"rendered":"Ak\u0131nc\u0131lar hakk\u0131nda yorum y\u00fcksek \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fckl\u00fc elektron mikrograflar\u0131 geliyor!"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Y\u00fcksek \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fckl\u00fc iletim elektron mikroskobu (HRTEM veya HREM) faz kontrast\u0131d\u0131r (y\u00fcksek \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fckl\u00fc elektron mikroskopi g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerinin kontrast\u0131, sentezlenen projeksiyon dalgas\u0131 ile k\u0131r\u0131nan dalga aras\u0131ndaki faz fark\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan olu\u015fturulur, buna faz kontrast\u0131 denir.) Mikroskopi kristalin malzemelerin \u00e7o\u011funun atomik bir d\u00fczenlemesini verir.<\/div>\n
Y\u00fcksek \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fckl\u00fc iletim elektron mikroskopisi 1950'lerde ba\u015flad\u0131. 1956'da, JWMenter do\u011frudan 8 \u00c5 iletim elektron mikroskobu ile 12 \u00c5 bak\u0131r ftalosiyaninin paralel \u015feritlerini g\u00f6zlemledi ve y\u00fcksek \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fckl\u00fc elektron mikroskobu a\u00e7t\u0131. Ameliyat kap\u0131s\u0131. 1970'lerin ba\u015f\u0131nda, 1971'de Iijima Chengman, Ti2Nb10O29'un faz kontrast g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc yakalamak i\u00e7in 3,5 \u00c5 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe sahip bir TEM kulland\u0131 ve atom grubunun olay elektron demeti boyunca do\u011frudan izd\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6zlemledi. Ayn\u0131 zamanda, y\u00fcksek \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fckl\u00fc g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleme teorisi ve analiz teknolojisi \u00fczerine yap\u0131lan ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar da \u00f6nemli ilerlemeler kaydetmi\u015ftir. 1970'lerde ve 1980'lerde elektron mikroskobu teknolojisi s\u00fcrekli olarak iyile\u015ftirildi ve \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fck b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde geli\u015ftirildi. Genel olarak, b\u00fcy\u00fck TEM 1,44 \u00c5 kristal \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ve 2 ila 3 \u00c5 nokta \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc garanti edebilmi\u015ftir. HRTEM, sadece d\u00fczlemler aras\u0131 bo\u015flu\u011fu yans\u0131tan kafes sa\u00e7ak g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6zlemlemekle kalmaz, ayn\u0131 zamanda reaksiyon kristal yap\u0131s\u0131ndaki atom veya grup d\u00fczenlemesinin yap\u0131sal g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc de g\u00f6zlemleyebilir. Son zamanlarda, Profes\u00f6r David A. Muller'in ABD'deki Cornell \u00dcniversitesi'ndeki ekibi, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck elektron \u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 enerji g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleme ko\u015fullar\u0131 alt\u0131nda 0.39 \u00c5 uzamsal bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fck elde etmek i\u00e7in lamine g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleme teknolojisi ve ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olarak geli\u015ftirilen bir elektron mikroskop piksel dizi dedekt\u00f6r\u00fc kulland\u0131.<\/div>\n
G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde, transmisyon elektron mikroskoplar\u0131 genellikle HRTEM yapabilmektedir. Bu transmisyon elektron mikroskoplar\u0131 iki tipte s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r: y\u00fcksek \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fck ve analitik. Y\u00fcksek \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fckl\u00fc TEM, y\u00fcksek \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fckl\u00fc objektif kutup par\u00e7as\u0131 ve \u00f6rnek tabla e\u011fim a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck yapan ve daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck objektif k\u00fcresel sapma katsay\u0131s\u0131 ile sonu\u00e7lanan bir diyafram kombinasyonu ile donat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r; analitik TEM ise \u00e7e\u015fitli analizler i\u00e7in daha b\u00fcy\u00fck bir miktar gerektirir. \u00d6rnek a\u015famas\u0131n\u0131n e\u011fim a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131, b\u00f6ylece objektif lens dire\u011fi pabucu y\u00fcksek \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fck t\u00fcr\u00fcnden farkl\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r, b\u00f6ylece \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc etkiler. Genel olarak, 200 kev y\u00fcksek \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fckl\u00fc TEM 1,9 \u00c5 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe sahiptir, 200 kev analitik TEM ise 2,3 \u00c5 de\u011ferine sahiptir. Ancak bu, analitik TEM \u00e7ekiminin y\u00fcksek \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fckl\u00fc g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc etkilemez.<\/div>\n

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\u015eekil l'de g\u00f6sterildi\u011fi gibi, belirli bir dalga boyuna (\u03bb) sahip bir elektron \u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131, kristal d\u00fczlem aral\u0131\u011f\u0131 d, Bragg ko\u015fulu (2dsin \u03b8) olan bir kristal \u00fczerinde meydana geldi\u011finde, y\u00fcksek \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fckl\u00fc elektron mikroskopi g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleme i\u015fleminin optik yol diyagram\u0131. = \u03bb) tatmin olur, K\u0131r\u0131k bir dalga (2 wave) a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131nda \u00fcretilir. Bu k\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f dalga, bir k\u0131r\u0131n\u0131m noktas\u0131 olu\u015fturmak i\u00e7in objektif merce\u011fin arka odak d\u00fczleminde birle\u015fir (bir elektron mikroskobunda, arka odak d\u00fczleminde olu\u015fan d\u00fczenli bir k\u0131r\u0131n\u0131m noktas\u0131, elektron k\u0131r\u0131n\u0131m deseni olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan fosfor ekran\u0131na yans\u0131t\u0131l\u0131r. ). Arka odak d\u00fczlemindeki k\u0131r\u0131n\u0131k dalga ilerlemeye devam etti\u011finde, k\u0131r\u0131nan dalga sentezlenir, g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc d\u00fczleminde b\u00fcy\u00fct\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f bir g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc (elektron mikroskopik g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc) olu\u015fur ve arka odak \u00fczerine iki veya daha fazla b\u00fcy\u00fck objektif lens g\u00f6zbebe\u011fi yerle\u015ftirilebilir u\u00e7ak. Y\u00fcksek \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fckl\u00fc elektron mikroskobu ad\u0131 verilen dalga giri\u015fim g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclemesine y\u00fcksek \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fckl\u00fc elektron mikroskobik g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc (y\u00fcksek \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fckl\u00fc mikroskopik g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc) denir.<\/div>\n
Yukar\u0131da belirtildi\u011fi gibi, y\u00fcksek \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fckl\u00fc elektron mikroskobik g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc, objektif merce\u011fin odak d\u00fczleminin iletilen \u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 ve birka\u00e7 k\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131, faz tutarl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 nedeniyle objektif g\u00f6z bebe\u011finden ge\u00e7irerek olu\u015fturulan bir faz kontrast mikroskobik g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcd\u00fcr. G\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclemeye kat\u0131lan k\u0131r\u0131n\u0131m demeti say\u0131s\u0131ndaki farkl\u0131l\u0131k nedeniyle, farkl\u0131 adlarda y\u00fcksek \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fckl\u00fc g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcler elde edilir. Farkl\u0131 k\u0131r\u0131n\u0131m ko\u015fullar\u0131 ve \u00f6rnek kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 nedeniyle, farkl\u0131 yap\u0131sal bilgilere sahip y\u00fcksek \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fckl\u00fc elektron mikrograflar\u0131 be\u015f kategoriye ayr\u0131labilir: kafes sa\u00e7aklar, tek boyutlu yap\u0131sal g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcler, iki boyutlu kafes g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleri (tek h\u00fccreli g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcler), iki boyutlu yap\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fc (atom \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fc: kristal yap\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fc), \u00f6zel g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc.<\/div>\n
Kafes sa\u00e7aklar\u0131: Arka odak d\u00fczlemindeki bir iletim \u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 objektif mercek taraf\u0131ndan se\u00e7ilirse ve bir k\u0131r\u0131n\u0131m \u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 birbiriyle etkile\u015firse, yo\u011funlukta periyodik bir de\u011fi\u015fiklik olan tek boyutlu bir sa\u00e7ak deseni elde edilir (siyah \u00fc\u00e7genle g\u00f6sterildi\u011fi gibi) \u015eekil 2 (f)) Bu, bir sa\u00e7ak sa\u00e7ak ve bir kafes g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc ile elektron \u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n\u0131n kafes d\u00fczlemine tam olarak paralel olmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektirmeyen yap\u0131sal bir g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc aras\u0131ndaki farkt\u0131r. Asl\u0131nda, kristalitlerin, \u00e7\u00f6keltilerin ve benzerlerinin g\u00f6zlenmesinde, kafes sa\u00e7aklar\u0131 genellikle bir izd\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm dalgas\u0131 ile bir k\u0131r\u0131n\u0131m dalgas\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki giri\u015fim ile elde edilir. Kristalitler gibi bir maddenin elektron k\u0131r\u0131n\u0131m paterni foto\u011fraflan\u0131rsa, \u015eekil 2'nin (a) 'da g\u00f6sterildi\u011fi gibi bir ibadet halkas\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnecektir.<\/div>\n

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Tek boyutlu yap\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fc: Numunenin belirli bir e\u011fimi varsa, elektron \u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 kristalin belirli bir kristal d\u00fczlemine paralel olacak \u015fekilde, \u015eekil 2 (b) 'de g\u00f6sterilen tek boyutlu k\u0131r\u0131n\u0131m k\u0131r\u0131n\u0131m modelini tatmin edebilir. iletim noktas\u0131na g\u00f6re simetrik da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m) K\u0131r\u0131n\u0131m modeli). Bu k\u0131r\u0131n\u0131m modelinde, optimum odak ko\u015fulu alt\u0131nda \u00e7ekilen y\u00fcksek \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fckl\u00fc g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc kafes sa\u00e7aktan farkl\u0131d\u0131r ve tek boyutlu yap\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fc, g\u00f6sterildi\u011fi gibi kristal yap\u0131 bilgisini, yani elde edilen tek boyutlu yap\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc i\u00e7erir. \u015eekil 3'te (g\u00f6sterilen Bi-bazl\u0131 s\u00fcperiletken oksidin y\u00fcksek \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fckl\u00fc bir boyutlu yap\u0131sal g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fc.<\/div>\n
\u0130ki boyutlu kafes g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fc: E\u011fer elektron \u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 belirli bir kristal \u015ferit eksenine paralel ise, iki boyutlu bir k\u0131r\u0131n\u0131m paterni elde edilebilir (\u015eekil 2'de g\u00f6sterilen merkezi iletim noktas\u0131na g\u00f6re iki boyutlu simetrik da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m (c )). B\u00f6yle bir elektron k\u0131r\u0131n\u0131m modeli i\u00e7in. \u0130letim noktas\u0131n\u0131n yak\u0131n\u0131nda, kristal birim h\u00fccresini yans\u0131tan bir k\u0131r\u0131n\u0131m dalgas\u0131 belirir. K\u0131r\u0131nan dalga ile iletilen dalga aras\u0131ndaki giri\u015fim taraf\u0131ndan \u00fcretilen iki boyutlu g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcde, birim h\u00fccresini g\u00f6steren iki boyutlu bir kafes g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fc g\u00f6zlenebilir ve bu g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc birim h\u00fccre \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011fi hakk\u0131nda bilgi i\u00e7erir. Bununla birlikte, bir atom \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011fi (atomik d\u00fczenlemeye) i\u00e7ermeyen, yani iki boyutlu kafes g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fc olmayan bilgiler, \u015eekil 3 (d) 'de g\u00f6sterildi\u011fi gibi tek kristal silikonun iki boyutlu bir kafes g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/div>\n
\u0130ki boyutlu yap\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fc: \u015eekil 2 (d) 'de g\u00f6sterildi\u011fi gibi bir k\u0131r\u0131n\u0131m modeli elde edilir. B\u00f6yle bir k\u0131r\u0131n\u0131m paterni ile y\u00fcksek \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fckl\u00fc bir elektron mikroskobu g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fc g\u00f6zlendi\u011finde, g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclemede daha fazla k\u0131r\u0131n\u0131m dalgalar\u0131 oldu\u011funda, y\u00fcksek \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fckl\u00fc g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcn\u00fcn i\u00e7erdi\u011fi bilgiler de o kadar fazla olur. Tl2Ba2CuO6 s\u00fcper iletken oksidin y\u00fcksek \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fckl\u00fc iki boyutlu bir yap\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fc \u015eekil 3 (e) 'de g\u00f6sterilmi\u015ftir. Bununla birlikte, elektron mikroskobunun daha y\u00fcksek \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fck s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131na sahip y\u00fcksek dalga boylu taraf\u0131n k\u0131r\u0131n\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n, do\u011fru yap\u0131 bilgilerinin g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclenmesine kat\u0131lmas\u0131 olas\u0131 de\u011fildir ve arka plan haline gelir. Bu nedenle, \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn izin verdi\u011fi aral\u0131k dahilinde. M\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funca \u00e7ok da\u011f\u0131n\u0131k dalga ile g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleme yaparak, birim h\u00fccre i\u00e7indeki atomlar\u0131n d\u00fczenlenmesi hakk\u0131nda do\u011fru bilgileri i\u00e7eren bir g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc elde etmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Yap\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fc, yaln\u0131zca g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclemeye kat\u0131lan dalga ile numunenin kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki oransal ili\u015fki ile uyar\u0131lan ince bir b\u00f6lgede g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir.<\/div>\n

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\u00d6zel g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc: Arka odak d\u00fczleminin k\u0131r\u0131n\u0131m modelinde, a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n yerle\u015ftirilmesi sadece belirli yap\u0131sal bilginin kontrast\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6zlemleyebilmek i\u00e7in belirli dalga g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclemesini se\u00e7er. Bunun tipik bir \u00f6rne\u011fi gibi d\u00fczenli bir yap\u0131d\u0131r. Kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k gelen elektron k\u0131r\u0131n\u0131m paterni \u015eekil 2 (e) 'de Au, Cd s\u0131ral\u0131 ala\u015f\u0131m\u0131n elektron k\u0131r\u0131n\u0131m paterni olarak g\u00f6sterilmi\u015ftir. S\u0131ral\u0131 yap\u0131, Cd atomlar\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131rayla d\u00fczenlendi\u011fi y\u00fcz merkezli bir k\u00fcbik yap\u0131ya dayan\u0131r. \u015eekil 2 (e) (020) ve (008) indekslerinin temel \u00f6rg\u00fc yans\u0131malar\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda elektron k\u0131r\u0131n\u0131m paternleri zay\u0131ft\u0131r. S\u0131ral\u0131 kafes yans\u0131mas\u0131, temel kafes yans\u0131mas\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karmak i\u00e7in objektif lensi kullanarak, iletim dalgalar\u0131n\u0131 ve d\u00fczenli kafes yans\u0131mas\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclemesini kullanarak, sadece \u015eekil 4'te g\u00f6sterildi\u011fi gibi parlak noktalara veya y\u00fcksek \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fck gibi koyu noktalara sahip Cd atomlar\u0131na.<\/div>\n

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\u015eekil 4'te g\u00f6sterildi\u011fi gibi, g\u00f6sterilen y\u00fcksek \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fckl\u00fc g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc, numunenin kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re optimum y\u00fcksek \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fckl\u00fc d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck netlemeye yak\u0131n olarak de\u011fi\u015fir. Bu nedenle, y\u00fcksek \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fckl\u00fc bir g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc elde etti\u011fimizde, y\u00fcksek \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fckl\u00fc g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcn\u00fcn ne oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyemeyiz. \u00d6ncelikle malzemenin yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 farkl\u0131 kal\u0131nl\u0131klarda hesaplamak i\u00e7in bir bilgisayar sim\u00fclasyonu yapmal\u0131y\u0131z. Maddenin y\u00fcksek \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fckl\u00fc g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fc. Bilgisayar taraf\u0131ndan hesaplanan bir dizi y\u00fcksek \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fckl\u00fc g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc, deney taraf\u0131ndan elde edilen y\u00fcksek \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fckl\u00fc g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleri belirlemek i\u00e7in deney taraf\u0131ndan elde edilen y\u00fcksek \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fckl\u00fc g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. \u015eekil 5'te g\u00f6sterilen bilgisayar sim\u00fclasyon g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fc, deney taraf\u0131ndan elde edilen y\u00fcksek \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fckl\u00fc g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/div>\n
Bu makale, \u00f6nemli ki\u015fi s\u00fctun teknolojisi dan\u0131\u015fman\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir.<\/div>\n

\"\"<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM or HREM) is the phase contrast (the contrast of high-resolution electron microscopy images is formed by the phase difference between the synthesized projected wave and the diffracted wave, It is called phase contrast.) Microscopy, which gives an atomic arrangement of most crystalline materials. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy began in…<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[79],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1711","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-materials-weekly"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1711","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1711"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1711\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1711"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1711"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1711"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}