{"id":1588,"date":"2019-05-22T02:47:32","date_gmt":"2019-05-22T02:47:32","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/single-post-how-to-cut-carbide-blanks\/"},"modified":"2020-05-04T13:12:08","modified_gmt":"2020-05-04T13:12:08","slug":"how-to-cut-carbide-blanks","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/karbur-bosluklar-nasil-kesilir\/","title":{"rendered":"4 tungsten karb\u00fcr \u00e7ubuk D\u00fczg\u00fcn Kesmek i\u00e7in En \u0130yi Y\u00f6ntemleri?"},"content":{"rendered":"
Tungsten karb\u00fcr \u00e7ubu\u011fun nas\u0131l kesilece\u011fi hakk\u0131nda faydal\u0131 fikirler var. Hepimizin bildi\u011fi gibi, Tungsten karb\u00fcr genellikle bir t\u00fcr olarak an\u0131l\u0131r <\/span>Sert<\/b><\/strong> Di\u011fer malzemelere g\u00f6re son derece y\u00fcksek sertli\u011fi nedeniyle malzeme. Tipik olarak bir <\/span>Tungsten karb\u00fcr<\/b><\/strong> 1600 HV sertlik de\u011ferine sahip olabilirken, yumu\u015fak \u00e7elik sadece 160 HV b\u00f6lgesinde olacakt\u0131r.<\/span> Tungsten karb\u00fcr \u00e7ubuklar\u0131 etkili bir \u015fekilde kesmeye veya kesmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak istiyorsunuz. A\u015f\u0131nma \u00e7ark\u0131 ta\u015flama, s\u00fcper sert malzeme ile i\u015fleme, elektrolitik i\u015fleme (ECM) ve elektrik de\u015farjl\u0131 i\u015fleme (EDM) olmak \u00fczere a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki 4 yol i\u015fe yarayabilir.<\/div>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Tekerlek ta\u015flama ile karb\u00fcr bo\u015flu\u011funu kesin<\/h2>\n
Tak\u0131m malzemesinin sertli\u011finin i\u015flenecek i\u015f par\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131n sertli\u011finden daha y\u00fcksek olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini biliyoruz. Semente karb\u00fcr\u00fcn Rockwell sertli\u011fi genellikle HRA78 ila HRA90 civar\u0131ndad\u0131r. Bu nedenle, \u015fimdilik karb\u00fcr bo\u015fluklar\u0131 i\u015fleyebilen malzemeler esas olarak polikristalin k\u00fcbik boron nitr\u00fcr (PCBN) ve polikristalin elmas (PCD) anlam\u0131na gelir.<\/div>\n
Ta\u015flama ta\u015flar\u0131 i\u00e7in ana malzemeler ye\u015fil silisyum karb\u00fcr ve elmast\u0131r. Silisyum karb\u00fcr\u00fcn ta\u015flanmas\u0131, semente karb\u00fcr\u00fcn mukavemet s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n\u0131 a\u015fan termal stres olu\u015fturaca\u011f\u0131ndan, y\u00fczey \u00e7atlaklar\u0131 \u00e7ok olur, bu da silikon karb\u00fcr\u00fc garanti edilebilecek y\u00fczey yapmak i\u00e7in ideal bir se\u00e7enek yapmaz.<\/div>\n
60\/70 mesh ile 325\/400 mesh aras\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fen ebatlardaki elmas a\u015f\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 gran\u00fcl, semente karb\u00fcr par\u00e7alar\u0131n ta\u015flanmas\u0131nda etkin bir \u015fekilde \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. Par\u00e7ac\u0131k boyutunun de\u011feri ne kadar b\u00fcy\u00fck olursa, i\u015fleme hassasiyeti o kadar y\u00fcksek olur. Genel olarak 80\/180, \u00e7e\u015fitli karb\u00fcr kal\u0131plar\u0131n ince finisaj\u0131 i\u00e7in olduk\u00e7a uygundur.<\/div>\n
PCD ta\u015flama ta\u015f\u0131 kalifiye olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, karb\u00fcr bo\u015fluklarda kaba i\u015flemeden ince tala\u015f i\u015flemeye kadar t\u00fcm g\u00f6revleri tamamlay\u0131n, ta\u015flama \u00e7ark\u0131n\u0131n kayb\u0131n\u0131 azaltmak i\u00e7in, karb\u00fcr bo\u015fluklar\u0131 elektrikli i\u015fleme y\u00f6ntemiyle \u00f6n i\u015fleme tabi tutulacak, daha sonra yar\u0131 ince ve ince tala\u015f i\u015fleme yapacakt\u0131r. Sonunda ta\u015flama tekerle\u011fi ile bitirme.<\/div>\n
PCD \u00e7ark\u0131n\u0131n karb\u00fcr malzeme \u00fczerinde ta\u015flanmas\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda ortak i\u015fleme parametrelerini g\u00f6steren bir tablo vard\u0131r.<\/div>\n
\u015eekil.1 kesme s\u0131ras\u0131nda elmas ta\u015flama \u00e7ark\u0131n\u0131n i\u015fleme parametreleri<\/div>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

PCD disk ta\u015flama yaparken, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck ilerleme h\u0131z\u0131 kritiktir. Bunun nedeni, daha y\u00fcksek h\u0131z, daha y\u00fcksek ta\u015flama s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131, bu da ta\u015flama diskinin ciddi \u015fekilde a\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131na neden olur. Ayr\u0131ca ne kadar y\u00fcksekse o kadar iyi. Aksine, ilerleme h\u0131z\u0131 \u00e7ok d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckse, b\u00fcy\u00fck kesme kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131na neden olur, i\u015flenen y\u00fczeyin y\u00fczey p\u00fcr\u00fczl\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc kesinlikle etkilenir ve ta\u015flama ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131n a\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131 da artar.<\/div>\n
Dikkat edilmesi gereken bir di\u011fer unsur, kullan\u0131lan so\u011futucunun k\u00fck\u00fcrt i\u00e7ermemesi ve pH'\u0131n\u0131n 7 ila 9 aras\u0131nda olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fidir. Aksi takdirde, so\u011futucu, semente karb\u00fcr\u00fcn kobalt ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 a\u015f\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131r ve kobalt\u0131n indirgenmesi, ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z bir mikroyap\u0131ya neden olur. pic 2'de g\u00f6sterildi\u011fi gibi semente karb\u00fcr.<\/div>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Kobalt i\u00e7ermeyen karb\u00fcr y\u00fczeyinin Pic.2 mikro yap\u0131s\u0131<\/div>\n

Frezeleme ve tornalama ile karb\u00fcr\u00fc kesin<\/h2>\n
Sertle\u015ftirilmi\u015f \u00e7elik ve d\u00f6kme \u00e7elik (demir) gibi sertlikteki siyah metalleri kesmek i\u00e7in bir y\u00f6ntem olarak tasarlanan CBN ve PCBN malzemeleri. Bor nitrit, y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n etkisine (1000 derecenin \u00fczerinde) dayanabilir ve sertli\u011fi 8000HV'de tutabilir. Bu \u00f6zellik, \u00f6zellikle karb\u00fcr \u00e7ekirdek ve \u00e7elik kasadan olu\u015fan yap\u0131sal par\u00e7alar i\u00e7in, karb\u00fcr bo\u015fluklar\u0131n i\u015flenmesine e\u015fde\u011ferdir.<\/div>\n
Nevertheless, when the hardness of cemented carbide parts is higher than HRA90,totally out of boron nitrite\u2019s league to cut, no more need to insist on PCBN and CBN tools.we can only turn to diamond PCD cutters as a substitute under this condition. There are certain advantages of PCD to machining TC-based carbide blanks, such as its hardness that can reach more than 10000HV( 100–120 times that of cemented carbide). PCD tools also have a thermal conductivity of 700 W\/mK, which is 1.5 to 9 times that of cemented carbide. It helps to achieve the roughness of surface on carbide blanks up to Ra0.2\u03bcm.<\/div>\n
PCD u\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n dezavantaj\u0131n\u0131, a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 keskin kenarlar elde edememesini ve tala\u015f k\u0131r\u0131c\u0131larla imal edilmesinin sak\u0131ncas\u0131n\u0131 hala g\u00f6zden ka\u00e7\u0131ram\u0131yoruz. Bu nedenle, PCD yaln\u0131zca demir d\u0131\u015f\u0131 metallerin ve metal olmayanlar\u0131n ince kesimi i\u00e7in kullan\u0131labilir, ancak karb\u00fcr bo\u015fluklar\u0131n ultra hassas ayna kesimini elde edemez, en az\u0131ndan hen\u00fcz.<\/div>\n
Elektro-i\u015fleme ile karb\u00fcr\u00fc kesin<\/div>\n

a.ECM<\/h3>\n
Elektrolitik i\u015fleme, karb\u00fcr\u00fcn elektrolit (NaOH) i\u00e7inde \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclebilmesi ilkesiyle par\u00e7alar\u0131n i\u015flenmesidir. Karb\u00fcr i\u015f par\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczeyinin \u0131s\u0131nmamas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar. Mesele \u015fu ki, ECM'nin i\u015fleme h\u0131z\u0131 ve i\u015fleme kalitesi, i\u015flenecek malzemenin fiziksel \u00f6zelliklerinden ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zd\u0131r.<\/div>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Pic.3 ECM karb\u00fcr bo\u015fluklar\u0131n\u0131n prensibi<\/div>\n
Resim 3'te g\u00f6sterildi\u011fi gibi, karb\u00fcr i\u015f par\u00e7as\u0131 bir anot olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan do\u011fru ak\u0131m pozitif elektrotuna ba\u011flan\u0131r ve aletin negatif elektrotu ve do\u011fru ak\u0131m g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131 bir katot olarak ba\u011flan\u0131r. Ak\u0131m\u0131n etkisi alt\u0131nda, katot beslenirken, anot \u00fczerindeki semente karb\u00fcr, istenen \u015fekil boyutuna i\u015flenene kadar elektrolit i\u00e7inde s\u00fcrekli olarak \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcl\u00fcr. T\u00fcm s\u00fcre\u00e7 oda s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilir.<\/div>\n
Anottaki kimyasal reaksiyon denklemi:<\/div>\n
W+O2=WO2<\/div>\n
WO2+2NaOH=Na2WO4+H2O<\/div>\n
Co+M2A=CoA+2M–2e<\/div>\n
Genel olarak, i\u015fleme parametreleri \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/div>\n
DC voltaj\u0131 10~15V. Ak\u0131m yo\u011funlu\u011fu 10~3010~30(A\/cm\u00b2), elektrolit bas\u0131nc\u0131 1~3 \uff08kgf\/cm\u00b2\uff09<\/div>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u015eekil.3 Elektrolitik i\u015fleme parametrelerinin kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131<\/div>\n
Di\u011fer malzemelerle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, karb\u00fcr bo\u015fluk kesimi s\u0131ras\u0131nda elektrolitin bas\u0131nc\u0131, bitmi\u015f \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn y\u00fczey kalitesini etkileyen \u00f6nemli bir fakt\u00f6rd\u00fcr. \u00c7ok y\u00fcksek oldu\u011funda, elektrolitin ak\u0131\u015f h\u0131z\u0131 \u00e7ok h\u0131zl\u0131 olacakt\u0131r, bu da WC partik\u00fcllerinin tamamen \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnmeden \u00f6nce elektrolit taraf\u0131ndan y\u0131kanmas\u0131na neden olur.<\/div>\n
WC par\u00e7ac\u0131klar\u0131 ve Co par\u00e7ac\u0131klar\u0131 tutars\u0131z bir oranda uzakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131rsa ne olur? Evet, i\u015f par\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczeyinde bir\u00e7ok nokta belirecektir. Kayda de\u011fer bir di\u011fer fakt\u00f6r, i\u015f par\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131n karb\u00fcr malzemesinin mikroyap\u0131da daha d\u00fczg\u00fcn olmas\u0131 ve daha ince par\u00e7ac\u0131k boyutu ile y\u00fczey hassasiyetinin daha do\u011fru olaca\u011f\u0131d\u0131r.<\/div>\n
Kaba i\u015flemeden sonra, karb\u00fcr bo\u015flu\u011fun y\u00fczey p\u00fcr\u00fczl\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc Ra0.8 ~ 0.4\u03bcm'ye ula\u015fabilir ve ortalama i\u015fleme do\u011frulu\u011fu \u00b1 0.1 mm'ye ula\u015fabilir. ECM'nin \u00fcretkenli\u011fi EDM'nin birka\u00e7 kat\u0131d\u0131r ve ECM alet elektrotlar\u0131n\u0131 t\u00fcketmedi\u011finden maliyeti de d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fcr.<\/div>\n

b.EDM<\/h3>\n
EDM prensibi, i\u015f par\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131n boyutu, \u015fekli ve y\u00fczey kalitesi i\u00e7in \u00f6nceden belirlenmi\u015f i\u015fleme gereksinimlerini elde etmek i\u00e7in fazla karb\u00fcr par\u00e7alar\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karmak i\u00e7in darbeli k\u0131v\u0131lc\u0131m de\u015farj\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda alet ve i\u015f par\u00e7as\u0131 (pozitif ve negatif elektrotlar) aras\u0131ndaki elektriksel korozyon olgusuna dayan\u0131r. . Sadece bak\u0131r-tungsten elektrotlar ve bak\u0131r-g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f elektrotlar karb\u00fcr bo\u015fluklar\u0131 i\u015fleyebilir.<\/div>\n
K\u0131sacas\u0131, EDM mekanik enerji kullanmaz, metali \u00e7\u0131karmak i\u00e7in kesme kuvvetlerine ba\u011fl\u0131 de\u011fildir, ancak karb\u00fcr par\u00e7ay\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karmak i\u00e7in do\u011frudan elektrik enerjisi ve \u0131s\u0131 kullan\u0131r. Mekanik kesme ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda,<\/div>\n
EDM a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki \u00f6zelliklere sahiptir:<\/div>\n
1. Malzeme kald\u0131rma, de\u015farj\u0131n termal erozyonu ile sa\u011flan\u0131r. Malzemenin i\u015flenebilirli\u011fi, esas olarak, sertlik ve tokluk gibi mekanik \u00f6zelliklerinden neredeyse ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olarak, erime noktas\u0131, \u00f6zg\u00fcl \u0131s\u0131 kapasitesi, termal iletkenlik (termal iletkenlik) vb. gibi malzemenin termal \u00f6zelliklerine ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/div>\n
2. \u00d6zel ve karma\u015f\u0131k par\u00e7a \u015fekillerini i\u015fleyebilir.<\/div>\n
3. T\u00fcm s\u00fcre\u00e7 otomatikle\u015ftirilebilir.<\/div>\n
4. EDM, malzemenin sertli\u011finden etkilenmedi\u011fi i\u00e7in su verme i\u015fleminden sonra i\u015flenebilir.<\/div>\n
EDM'nin kendine has avantajlar\u0131 vard\u0131r, ancak ayn\u0131 zamanda a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki y\u00f6nlerde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan belirli s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar\u0131 vard\u0131r:<\/div>\n
1. \u0130\u015fleme verimlili\u011fi nispeten d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fcr. Genel olarak, i\u015fleme ak\u0131m\u0131 birimi ba\u015f\u0131na i\u015flem h\u0131z\u0131 20 mm3 \/ (A \u00b7 min) de\u011ferini a\u015fmaz. EDM'nin malzeme kald\u0131rma oran\u0131, i\u015fleme ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda nispeten d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fcr. Bu nedenle, genellikle \u00f6dene\u011fin \u00e7o\u011funu ve ard\u0131ndan EDM'yi kald\u0131rmak i\u00e7in i\u015fleme kesme kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Ek olarak, i\u015fleme h\u0131z\u0131 ile y\u00fczey kalitesi aras\u0131nda belirgin bir \u00e7eli\u015fki vard\u0131r, yani bitirme s\u0131ras\u0131ndaki i\u015fleme h\u0131z\u0131 \u00e7ok d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fcr ve kaba i\u015fleme genellikle y\u00fczey kalitesi ile s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/div>\n
2. EDM'den sonraki y\u00fczeyde metamorfik bir katman ve hatta mikro \u00e7atlaklar olacakt\u0131r. EDM s\u0131ras\u0131nda i\u015flenmi\u015f y\u00fczeyde \u00fcretilen anl\u0131k y\u00fcksek \u0131s\u0131 nedeniyle, termal stres deformasyonu meydana gelir ve bu da i\u015flenmi\u015f par\u00e7an\u0131n y\u00fczeyinde bozulmu\u015f bir tabakaya neden olur.<\/div>\n
3. Normal ko\u015fullar alt\u0131nda, EDM ile elde edilen minimum k\u00f6\u015fe yar\u0131\u00e7ap\u0131, genellikle 0,02~0,03 mm olan ECM taraf\u0131ndan elde edilenden biraz daha b\u00fcy\u00fckt\u00fcr. Elektrot a\u015f\u0131nm\u0131\u015fsa, k\u00f6\u015fe yar\u0131\u00e7ap\u0131 bu de\u011ferden daha b\u00fcy\u00fck olacakt\u0131r. EDM'nin tamamen dik a\u00e7\u0131 ve maksimum a\u00e7\u0131sal sapma elde etme imkan\u0131 yoktur.<\/div>\n
4. EDM s\u0131ras\u0131nda de\u015farj k\u0131sm\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u0131v\u0131s\u0131nda olmal\u0131d\u0131r, aksi takdirde anormal bir de\u015farj meydana gelir ve ayr\u0131ca i\u015fleme durumunu g\u00f6zlemlemede sorunlara yol a\u00e7ar.<\/div>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Resim.4 bo\u015faltma k\u0131sm\u0131 EDM s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u0131v\u0131s\u0131nda olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/div>\n
5. Actually, the “glow” shows on the machined surface are consists of a number of pulsed discharge pits. Thus, the finished surface will never have the “glow”, which is the consequence of being polished by other processing methods.<\/div>\n\n\n

<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

There are helpful ideas about how to cut tungsten carbide rod. As we all known, Tungsten carbide is usually referred to as a sort of a Hard material due to its extremely high hardness in relation to other materials. Typically a Tungsten Carbide can have a hardness value of 1600 HV, whereas mild steel would…<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[79],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1588"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1588"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1588\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1588"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1588"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1588"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}