{"id":23447,"date":"2025-04-08T11:09:08","date_gmt":"2025-04-08T03:09:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/?p=23447"},"modified":"2025-04-08T11:09:08","modified_gmt":"2025-04-08T03:09:08","slug":"binder-for-carbide-production","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/ru\/binder-for-carbide-production\/","title":{"rendered":"\u041d\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0431\u0438\u0434\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0444\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0430"},"content":{"rendered":"
Binders (also known as forming agents) are critical additives in the powder metallurgy process of cemented carbides. They serve three primary functions during the pressing (forming) stage: enhancing powder flowability, improving binding properties, and increasing green strength. These functions ensure the compact maintains its structural integrity during demolding, handling, and prior to sintering.<\/p>\n

\"\"
\nThe primary functions of binders in cemented carbide manufacturing<\/h1>\n

In the powder metallurgy of cemented carbides, binders (also called forming agents) play critical roles, including:<\/p>\n

Improving Powder Flowability<\/h2>\n

Reduces interparticle friction, enabling homogeneous mold filling and uniform compaction.<\/p>\n

Prevents powder segregation (e.g., separation of WC and Co).<\/p>\n

Enhancing Green Strength<\/h2>\n

Provides sufficient “green strength” to prevent cracking or edge chipping during handling or demolding.<\/p>\n

Minimizes elastic aftereffects (post-compaction expansion).<\/p>\n

Lubricating the Mold<\/h2>\n

Reduces friction between powder and die walls, lowering compaction pressure and extending mold life.<\/p>\n

Improves surface finish and minimizes defects (e.g., delamination, cracks).<\/p>\n

Facilitating Debinding<\/h2>\n

Must be fully removable (via thermal decomposition or dissolution) before sintering to avoid carbon residue or impurities that degrade alloy properties.<\/p>\n

\nPerformance Requirements for Binders
\nThe binder must possess the following characteristics:<\/h1>\n

Excellent Compatibility<\/h2>\n

Uniformly mixes with WC-Co powders without agglomeration or sedimentation.<\/p>\n

Chemically inert to powders (e.g., no oxidation of cobalt).<\/p>\n

Suitable Melting Point and Viscosity<\/h2>\n

Melting point must align with compaction temperatures (typically room temperature to 100\u00b0C) to ensure:<\/p>\n

Liquid-phase homogeneity during mixing.<\/p>\n

Solid-phase strength during pressing.<\/p>\n

Too high moderate viscosity leads to impedes powder flow.<\/p>\n

Too low moderate viscosity leads to insufficient binding force.<\/p>\n

High Binding Capacity and Lubricity<\/h2>\n

Binding capacity: Ensures green strength (flexural strength typically \u22655 MPa).<\/p>\n

Lubricity: Reduces compaction pressure (e.g., from 600 MPa to 400 MPa).<\/p>\n

Controlled Debinding Behavior<\/h2>\n

Broad debinding temperature range (e.g., 150\u2013500\u00b0C) to prevent cracking from rapid volatilization.<\/p>\n

Low carbon residue after debinding (<0.1%) to avoid disrupting alloy carbon balance.<\/p>\n

Environmental and Safety Compliance<\/h2>\n

Non-toxic, low volatility (e.g., water-soluble PEG outperforms solvent-based rubber binders).<\/p>\n

Meets industrial emission standards (e.g., sulfur- and chlorine-free).<\/p>\n

Cost-Effectiveness<\/h2>\n

Low-cost and readily available (e.g., paraffin wax is more economical than rubber).<\/p>\n

Recyclable or easy to dispose of (e.g., PEG can be water-washed and recovered).<\/p>\n

\nTypes of Binder<\/h1>\n

When manufacturing cemented carbide<\/a> products, selecting the right binder is crucial for quality and efficiency. Here’s a detailed comparison of the three most common binder types to help you make the best choice for your application.<\/p>\n

Paraffin Wax
\n\"\"<\/h2>\n

Characteristics:Composition: Hydrocarbon-based, solid at room temperature with low melting point (50-70\u00b0C)<\/p>\n

Best for: Small, simple-shaped carbide products<\/p>\n

\u041f\u0440\u0435\u0438\u043c\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430:<\/p>\n

Excellent lubricity reduces die friction<\/p>\n

Low debinding temperature (200-400\u00b0C) simplifies processing<\/p>\n

Cost-effective and readily available<\/p>\n

Limitations:<\/p>\n

Lower green strength (prone to cracking)<\/p>\n

Potential carbon residue during high-temperature debinding<\/p>\n

Temperature-sensitive – requires dry storage<\/p>\n

Pro Tip: Ideal for mass production of standard inserts where cost is key.
\n\"\"<\/p>\n

PEG (Polyethylene Glycol)<\/h2>\n

Characteristics:Composition: Water-soluble polymer with adjustable molecular weight (PEG-2000\/4000)<\/p>\n

Best for: Complex-shaped tools and precision molds<\/p>\n

\"Paraffin<\/h2>\n

\u041f\u0440\u0435\u0438\u043c\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430:<\/p>\n

Higher green strength for intricate shapes<\/p>\n

Water-soluble – enables aqueous pre-debinding<\/p>\n

Minimal carbon residue<\/p>\n

Limitations:<\/p>\n

Hygroscopic – requires humidity control<\/p>\n

Narrow debinding window (200-300\u00b0C)<\/p>\n

More expensive than paraffin<\/p>\n

Pro Tip: The go-to choice for premium cutting tools requiring precision.<\/p>\n

\"PEG<\/p>\n

Rubber (SBR, etc.)<\/h2>\n

Characteristics:Composition: Polymer elastomer requiring organic solvents (e.g., acetone)<\/p>\n

Best for: Large, high-density components like rolls and mining tools<\/p>\n

\u041f\u0440\u0435\u0438\u043c\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430:<\/p>\n

Highest green strength<\/p>\n

Excellent elasticity prevents cracking<\/p>\n

Limitations:<\/p>\n

Challenging debinding (500\u00b0C+)<\/p>\n

Potential sulfur contamination<\/p>\n

Environmental concerns with solvents<\/p>\n

Highest cost<\/p>\n

Pro Tip: Reserved for specialized applications where extreme strength is critical.<\/p>\n

\nCompatibility Principles Between Binders and Wet Milling Media<\/h1>\n

Paraffin Wax<\/h2>\n