???????? ??? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ????? ????? ?????? ???????????? ????????? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ???? ???? ?? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ????? ? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ??????? ? ?????? ????? ?????? ? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ???? (??? ?? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ?? ? ?????? ??????? ? ??? ??? ???). ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ??????????? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ???????.

?? ??? ??????? ? ????? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ????? ??????? ????????? ???? ???? ?? ???? Meetyou Carbide: ?????? ??????? ??? ??????? (UT) ? ??????? ???????? ??????????? (MT) ? ??????? ?????? ?????? (PT) ??????? ?????? ??????? (RT) .     

?????? ??? ?????? ???????? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ???????

??? ???????? ???????? ??? ??????? ??? ??? ???????? ??? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?? ???????. ????? ???? ???? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ? ?????? ??? ?? ??????? ???????. ???? ????? ??????? ?????????? ????? ??????? ???????? ? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ??? ????? ???? ? ????? ??? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ? ????? ???? ??? ??????.

????? ???????? ??? ?????? ???????? ??? ??????? ??????? ????????:

1 ? ???? ???????? ????? ? ??? ???? ?????? ? ???? ?? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??? ???? ?? 1 ??? ?

2. ??????? ????? ????? ??? ???????? ???????? ??????? ? ???? ?????? ???????? ??? ??????? ??????? ???????? ????? ? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?

3. ?????? ???? ? ??????? ??? ? ??? ????? ????? ????? ????????????.

??????:

??? ?? ????? ??? ??? ????? ???????? ?? ??????? ??? ??????? ??????? ? ???? ??? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ? ???? ??????? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ????.

?????? ????? ???????? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ???????

Let’s first understand the principle of nondestructive testing of magnetic powder. After magnetization of the material and workpiece, due to the discontinuity, the magnetic lines of force on the surface and near the surface of the workpiece are locally distorted, resulting in leakage magnetic field, which absorbs the magnetic powder applied to the surface of the workpiece, forming visible magnetic marks under appropriate illumination, thus showing the position, shape and size of the discontinuity.

?? ?????? ????? ????? ???????? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ?? ??? ???:

1. ???????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ????? ??????? ??? ????????? ?????? ??????????? ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ?????.

2. ???? ??????? ???????? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ??????? ?? ?? ???? ?????? ? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ???????.

3. ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ???????? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????????.

4. ?? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ??????????? ?? ???? ???????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???????????. ?? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ????? ????? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ?? 20 ?? ??? ???? ?????.

???????? ??? ?????? ??????? ??????

?????? ??????? ???????? ??? ?????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ???? ??? ??????? ?????? ????????? ?? ??????? ??????? ? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ???? ??? ????? ??? ????? ???????? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ? ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ??? ?????.

??????? ? ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ? ??? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ? ???? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ??? ??????. ??? ???? ??? ???? (??? ??? ?????? ?? ??? ????) ? ???? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ????? (???? ???? ????? ?? ???? ????) ? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????.

????? ???????? ??? ?????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ??:

1 ? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ????????.

2. ????? ?????? ?????.

3. ??? ????? ? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ??????.

??? ??? ? ??? ???? ???????? ??? ?????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ?? ??? ???:

1. ???? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ???????? ?? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ??????.

2. ???? ???????? ??? ?????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ?? ???? ??? ?? ??????? ?????? ?????? ? ???? ?? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ? ???? ?? ????? ????? ????? ??? ??????. ????? ????? ???????? ????? ???? ???? ???????.

?????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ???????

?????? ? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??? ??? ????? ???? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ? ??????? ???????? ??? ???????? ???????? ??? ???????? ?????? ???. ??? ??? ? ????? ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ? ???? ????? ??????? ???????? ???? ??? ?????? ???????? ? ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ????? ??? ?? ??? ???? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? .

?????? ????? ?????????? ???????? ???????:

1. ???? ????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ? ??? ????? ????? ??????.

2. ?????? ?????? ??????? ???? ???????? ??? ???????.

3. ??? ??? ???? ?????? ??????.

4. ??????: ?? ???? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ? ??? ?? ??? ????? ?????. ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ??? ? ??? ??? ??? ???? ??????? ??? ????? ?????.

In a word, ultrasonic and X-ray nondestructive testing of alloy is suitable for detecting internal defects. Among them, ultrasonic wave is suitable for parts with more than 5mm and regular shape, and X-ray can’t locate the buried depth of defects, so there is radiation. Magnetic particle and penetrant flaw detection are suitable for detecting surface defects of components; Magnetic particle inspection is limited to magnetic materials, and penetrant inspection is limited to surface